Factors Affecting the HbA1c among Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Muang District Mahasarakham Province
Keywords:
Diabetes, Older adults, HbA1cAbstract
This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to explore the factors influencing HbA1c level among older adults with type 2 diabetes. A sample of 230 individuals was systematically selected. The content validity of the questionnaires was certified by three experts resulting in an Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) score of the self-management behavior questionnaire related to diabetes and the social support was between 0.67-1.00. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the self-management behavior questionnaire related to diabetes was 0.83, and the social support was 0.89. The statistical analyzes were descriptive statistic, pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression.
The results indicated the majority of the sample were females (75.65%), with 66.96% reporting a married status and 88.70% were graduated primary school. Moreover, 63.47% were identified with overweight conditions, while 62.61% of the sample could not control their HbA1c levels. Factors including body mass index (r =.64, p < .05), duration of disease (r = .45, p < .05), self-care behaviors (r = .86, p < .05), and social support (r = .68, p < .05) were positively correlational influence the HbA1c levels, predicting 33% of the variance (R2 adjust= 33, p < .005).
Conclusion, promoting self-care behaviors including consuming nutritious food, maintaining appropriate weight, and receiving support from family members and healthcare professionals could effectively empower older adults with diabetes to control HbA1c efficiently.
References
Abdel‐Qadir, H., Gunn, M., Lega, I.C., Pang, A., Austin, P.C., Singh, S.M., & Ko, D.T. (2022). Association of Diabetes Duration and Glycemic Control with Stroke Rate in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes: A Population‐Based Cohort Study. Journal of the American Heart Association, 11(4), e023643. https://doi:10.1161/JAHA.121.023643
Boye, K.S., Lage, M.J., Thieu, V., Shinde, S., Dhamija, S., & Bae, J.P. (2023). Obesity and glycemic control among people with type 2 diabetes in the United States: a retrospective cohort study using insurance claims data. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 35(9), 107975. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.107975
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, March 16) Diabetes. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/features/diabetes-and-heart.html.
Chantakhot, S. (2023). Effects of participation and social support. to change behavior Diabetes prevention among at-risk groups in the area of responsibility of Huai Daeng Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, Don Chik Subdistrict, Phibun Mangsahan District, Ubon Ratchathani Province. Journal of Health and Environmental Studies, 8(1), 356 - 365. https://so06.tcithaijo.org/index.php/hej/article/view/262570
Ghouse, J., Isaksen, J.L., Skov, M.W., Lind, B., Svendsen, J.H., Kanters, J.K., Olesen, M.S., Holst, A.G., & Nielsen, J.B. (2020). Effect of diabetes duration on the relationship between glycaemic control and risk of death in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 22(2), 231 – 242. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.13891
Horapleard, S., Toontom, N., & Siwina, S. (2020). Application of Self-care Behavior Promotion Program and Social Support For Diabetic Patients at Ban Khaotakhong Health Promoting Hospital, Kasetwisai District, Roi Et Province, Thailand. Academic Journal of Community Public Health, 5(2), 52 - 67. https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ajcph/article/view/247082/167921
House, J., & Kahn, R. (1985). Measures and concept of social support. In Cohen, S., & Syne, S.l. (Eds.) Social support and health (pp. 83 - 108). Academic.
International Diabetes Federation (2023, March 16). IDF Diabetes Atlas - 10 th edition. www.diabetesatlas.org.
Kawitu, K., & Mattavangkul, C. (2019). factors associated with blood sugar controlling among the elderly with diabetes, nearby communities of Siam university. Siam University Journal of Nursing Science, 20(38), 82 - 95. https://he01.tcithaijo.org/index.php/nursingsiamjournal/article/view/154842
Mamo, Y., Bekele, F., Nigussie, T., & Zewudie, A. (2019). Determinants of poor glycemic control among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma zone, south west Ethiopia: a case control study. BMC endocrine disorders, 19, 1 - 11. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-019-0421-0
Ministry of Public Health indicators. (2023, March 16). Office of Policy and Strategy Ministry of Public Health. http://hdcservice.moph.go.th/hdc/main/index.php?
Neelasri, C. (2017). Factors affecting the accumulated sugar level HbA1c in the blood of patients with type 2 diabetes, Tha Yang Hospital, Tha Yang District. Phetchaburi Province. Medical Journal Region 4-5, 39(4),199 – 213. https://he02.tcithaijo.org/index.php/reg45/article/view/ 248764
Prai-ngam, S, Chanthawong, C., & Satyutam, P. (2022). The Effects of the combination between group process and social support on self-care knowledge and behavior in non- insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients in Bothong District, Chonburi: Burapha University Faculty of Nursing Journal, 13(1), 18-27. http://ojs.lib.buu.ac.th/index.php/nursing/article/view/1002
Thai Elderly Research and Development Institute Foundation (2022, October 2). Situation of the Thai elderly 2022. (Research Report). Bangkok Foundation. https://thaitgri.org/?p=40218
Trinavuthipong, K. (2016, January 10). Provincial level government inspection. (Research Report). Maha Sarakham Provincial Public HealthOffice.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316877290_2016_'Kdramas_across_Thailand_Constructions_of_Koreanness_and_Thainess_by_contemporary_Thai_consumers'_The_Asia_Pacific_Journal_Japan_Focus_1476
Williams, J.S., Walker, R.J., & Egede, L.E. (2023). Gender invariance in the relationship between social support and glycemic control. PLOS ONE, 18(5), e0285373. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285373.
World Health Organization (2022, November 14). Diabetes. https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Princess of Naradhiwas University Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
