Trans Fatty Acids Content in Non-dairy Cream, Margarine and Shortening Products Distributed in Pattani Province
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Abstract
Trans fatty acids (TFAs) are formed by the partial hydrogenation process of unsaturated fat. The Ministry of Public Health issued the announcement no. 388 B.E. 2561, specifying that partially hydrogenated oils and foods containing partially hydrogenated oils are prohibited to be manufactured, imported or sold. The objective of this research was to analyze the content of trans fatty acids in some hydrogenated products that were sold before and after the announcement.Samples were categorized into 3 groups; non-dairy cream, margarines and shortening. Before the announcement 14 samples of non-dairy cream, 18 samples of margarines and 2 samples of shortening products were collected. The fat in samples were extracted by solvent and had 98.38±0.27% recovery. It was found that trans fatty acids determined by gas chromatography in non-dairy cream, margarines and shortening were
0.06-2.81, 0.01-0.50 and 0.00-0.01 grams per serving, respectively. The sample that had trans fatty acid higher than the amount prescribed by the FDA, which is more than 0.5 grams per serving size found 1 product. It was shortening SH02 which had trans fatty acids 2.81 ± 0.09 grams per serving.The main types of trans fats were
trans-Octadecenoic acid (C18:1t). Sampling of products sold after the announcement of January 9, 2019, and a different number produced (lot number) from the samples collected before the announcement were 10samples of non-dairycream, 6 samples of margarine and 1 sample of shortening. No trans fatty acid content was found in non-dairy cream and shortening products. Margarine products contain trans-fatty acid content 0.00-0.01 grams per serving. Many samples had the trans fatty acids decreased but the content of saturated fatty acids increased. The trans fat in the shortening SH02 (same batch as collected sample before the announcement) was 3.18 ± 0.19 grams per serving, violated the criteria announced by the Ministry.
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