Enhancement of Germination and Seedling Growth of Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) by Seed Coating with Plant Nutrient and Fungicide
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Abstract
Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) grows well in nutrient-poor soil. Seed sprinkling and sowing are the most popular methods for growing buckwheat. However, with such methods, there are problems with inconstant germination and seedling growth as well as seedling diseases. Consequently, a seed coating is applied to resolve the problem and to enhance seed quality with the lowest impact on the environment. The objectives of this research were (1) to study the results of seed coating with plant nutrients and fungicide and (2) to monitor the germination and seedling growth of common buckwheat. The experiment was conducted at the Seed Technology Laboratory and Field Crop Physiology Laboratory of the Agronomy Program, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Eight treatments were applied in this research consisting of non-coated seeds (T1); coated seeds + Carboxymethyl cellulose 0.1% (CMC) (T2); coated seeds + NH4NO3, NaH2PO4, and KCl at rates of 0.384 g (T3), 0.512 g (T4), and 0.104 g (T5), respectively; and coated seeds + NH4NO3, NaH2PO4, and KCl at rates of 0.384 g + Metalaxyl 2.0 g.ai. (T6), 0.512 g + Metalaxyl 2.0 g.ai. (T7), and 0.104 g + Metalaxyl 2.0 g.ai. (T8), respectively. The experimental results showed that seeds coated with 0.104 g of potassium chloride (KCl) increased the germination rate significantly by 14% relative to non-coated seeds. The greenhouse results illustrated that seeds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and 0.384 g of monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4) mixed with 2.0 g.ai. of metalaxyl resulted in the highest germination rate, which was significantly different from that obtained from other methods. Furthermore, coating of seeds with 0.384 g of NaH2PO4 mixed with 2.0 g.ai. of metalaxyl lengthened the roots of the seedlings by 13%. Thus, it was concluded that seeds coated with 0.384 g of NaH2PO4 enhanced germination and increased shoot length in common buckwheat and resulted in higher shoot fresh and dry weight relative to non-coated seeds when tested under greenhouse conditions.
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