In Vitro Selection of Salt Tolerant in 4 Vetiver Ecotypes
Keywords:
vetiver, plant tissue culture, salt tolerance, selectionAbstract
Reducing salinity of soil surface with a bio-technical method can be conducted by planting plants with deep root systems to protect salt-containing underground water from moving up to the soil surface. Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty) is the grass that has deep root systems and has ability to maintain soil moisture. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the salt tolerance ability of the vetiver ecotype in order to identify ecotypes that can be grown in saline land. The four ecotypes of vetiver, namely Surat Thani (SU): Ratchaburi (RB), Mai-Huaiwai (MHW), and Songkhla 3 (SK), were used in this experiment. The in vitro plantlets (shoot and root) were cultured on semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0 (5.4 dS/m) 1 (13.2 dS/m), 2 (35.7 dS/m), and 3 (53.5 dS/m) NaCl for 8 weeks. The results showed that increasing NaCl concentrations resulted in lower survival percentage, shoot length, root length, fresh and dry weight of the root, fresh and dry weight of fresh leaves, and fresh and dry weight of the dead leaves for all four vetiver ecotypes. However, survival percentages of SU under NaCl conditions were not significantly different from that of the control, while other vetiver ecotypes showed a significant decrease in survival rate under NaCl condition. In addition, fresh weight of fresh leaves and dead leaves of SU under NaCl conditions was higher than that of control. Tiller number of SU, RB and MHW were increased after cultured on 1% NaCl treatment. From the results, therefore, SU showed better salt tolerance performance than other vetiver ecotypes under in vitro conditions.
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