Synthesis, Characterization, Theoretical Calculation-Based Density Functional Theory and In vitro Cytotoxicity Against Breast Cancer Cell Lines of Ru(p-cymene)(PPh3)Cl2 Complex
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Abstract
Ruthenium complexes are known as promising crucial substances for in vitro antitumor and anticancer. In this study, Ru(p-cymene)(PPh3)Cl2 was synthesized through a consequence reaction between dichloro(p-cymene)ruthenium(II) dimer and triphenylphosphine (PPh3) ligand in dichloromethane to investigate its in vitro activity against breast cancer cells comparison with free PPh3 ligand. The complex was characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction, 1H-NMR, FTIR, elemental to analyze its specific structure which adopted a distorted pseudo-tetrahedral geometry. Theoretical calculations under density functional theory were conducted identify that the absorption band at 393 nm with a shoulder of 496 nm arose from the characters of charge transfer transitions. The Ru(p-cymene)(PPh3)Cl2 complex was measured for cytotoxicity against three breast cancer cell lines, HCC1937, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 by MTT assay. It exhibited higher anti-breast cancer activity against MCF-7, with an IC50 value of 15.99 µM, compared to cisplatin, a commercial drug (42.2 µM), by 2.6 folds.
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