Design of a Lidar-Based Safe Braking Distance Warning System for Small Electric Vehicles
Keywords:
brake distance, LiDAR technology, warning systemAbstract
This paper presents a braking distance warning system design using LiDAR technology to measure distances when approaching an object. The objective was to study and develop a system for vehicles that provides warnings before a potential collision occurs. The proposed system was designed for installation in small vehicles that lack basic driving assistance systems to detect objects in front of the vehicle. The current research divides the braking distance for testing into four zones: Zone 1 - Safe distance (greater than 700 cm from an object), Zone 2 - Caution distance (250 - 700 cm), Zone 3 - Brake distance (25 - 250 cm) and Zone 4 - Stop distance (less than 25 cm). In order to conduct this study, a prototype vehicle was moving toward an object at a constant speed of 15 km/hr. It was found that when the prototype was positioned 767.67 cm in front of the object, the warning system would display a green light to indicate a safe distance. When the prototype approached the object at a distance of 593 cm, it would indicate a yellow light for a caution distance. Once the vehicle reached the object at a distance of 237.67 cm, a red status indicator for braking distance was shown. Finally, when approaching the object at a distance of 23 cm, the system would initiate a speed reduction with a deceleration of 0.524 m/s2. This investigation showed that the proposed system was able to operate according to the specified conditions with a braking error of 5.77% from the designated distances. The system developed in this work can be applied to larger-sized vehicles to assist in braking or automatically reduce speed, thereby minimizing the occurrence of accidents.
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