Genetic Variation and Polymorphism Identification of the Thyroglobulin (TG) Gene in Thai Wagyu Crossbred Cattle
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The thyroglobulin (TG) gene is recognized as a major candidate gene involved in regulating intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition, a key determinant of beef quality. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and identify novel polymorphisms of the TG gene in Thai Wagyu crossbred cattle. Blood samples (n = 50) were collected from male animals to extract genomic DNA (gDNA). The target TG gene fragment was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequently sequenced to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and estimate population genetic parameters. Seven SNPs were identified including g.164A>G, g.257C>T, g.335A>G, g.386C>T, g.422C>T, g.537C>T, and g.552T>C. The expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 0.41 to 0.49, while the polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.32 to 0.37, indicating moderate genetic diversity. The population was in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) (P > 0.05). The discovery of these seven novel SNPs provides essential baseline data for future association studies with meat quality traits and supports the potential application of TG gene polymorphisms as molecular markers in marker-assisted selection (MAS) programs aimed at improving meat quality in Wagyu crossbred cattle.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The owner (Research and Development Institute, Kalasin University), the authors agree that any copies of the article or any part thereof distributed or posted by them in print or electronic format as permitted will include the notice of copyright as stipulated in the journal and a full citation to the final published version of the contribution in the journal as published by Research and Development Institute, Kalasin University.
References
Smith SB, Gotoh T, Greenwood PL. Current situation and future prospects for global beef production: overview of special issue. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2018; 31(7): 927. doi:10.5713/ajas.18.0405
Baik M, Lee J, Kim SY, Ranaweera KKTN. Factors affecting beef quality and nutrigenomics of intramuscular adipose tissue deposition. Animal Bioscience. 2023; 36(2): 350. doi: 10.5713/ab.22.0380
Zhang L, Michal JJ, O’Fallon JV, Pan Z, Gaskins CT, Reeves JJ, et al. Quantitative genomics of 30 complex phenotypes in Wagyu × Angus F1 progeny. International Journal of Biological Sciences. 2012;8 (6): 838. doi:10.7150/ijbs.4403
Kahi AK, Hirooka H. Genetic and economic evaluation of Japanese Black (Wagyu) cattle breeding schemes. Journal of Animal Science. 2005; 76(5): 389–399. https://doi.org/10.2527/2005.8392021x
Izamin I, Bakar LA, Reduan MFH, Wakil AM, Noordin N. Single nucleotide polymorphism markers and their applications for cattle production in selective breeding: A review for meat production traits. Veterinary Integrative Sciences. 2025; 24(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2026.020.
Santinello M, Rampado N, Penasa M, Hocquette JF, Pethick D, De Marchi M. The Meat Standards Australia carcass grading site affects assessment of marbling and prediction of meat-eating quality in growing European beef cattle. Journal of Meat Science. 2024; 213: 109501. doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109501
Wang Z, Zhu B, Niu H, Zhang W, Xu L, Xu L, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies SNPs associated with fatty acid composition in Chinese Wagyu cattle. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 2019; 10(1): 27. doi:10.1186/s40104-019-0322-0
Barendse W, Bunch R, Thomas M, Armitage S, Baud S, Donaldson N. The TG5 thyroglobulin gene test for a marbling quantitative trait loci evaluated in feedlot cattle. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 2004; 44(7): 669–674. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA02156
Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW. Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. American Journal of Human Genetics. 1980; 32(3): 314–331. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1686077/
Zeng S, Li Z, Li X, Du Q, Zhang Y, Zhong Z, et al. Inhibition of triglyceride metabolism–associated enhancers alters lipid deposition during adipocyte differentiation. The FASEB Journal. 2025; 39(2): e70347. doi:10.1096/fj.202401137R
Hou X, Liu Z, Li H, Chen J. Association of polymorphisms in the leptin and thyroglobulin genes with meat quality and carcass traits in beef cattle. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. 2011; 40(10): 2202–2209. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982012001000004
Gan L, Sobrinho AP, Souza CF. Association of CSSM066 and ILSTS011 microsatellite markers and thyroglobulin gene SNP with backfat in Canchim cattle. Scientia Agricola. 2008; 65(3): 259–266. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-90162012000100001
Sarataphan N, Kengvikum K. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the thyroglobulin (TG) gene of Angus × Thai native crossbred cattle. Journal of Mahanakorn Veterinary Medicine. 2008; 3(1) :36–45. Available from: https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/20123164674
Suhda S, Paramita DK, Fachiroh. Tetra primer ARMS PCR optimization to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms of the CYP2E1 gene. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2016; 17(7): 3065–3069. Available from: https://journal.waocp.org/article_32475_b4309ff77054c351a1f76c13d7bbb04b.pdf
Khatib H, Zaitoun I, Chang YM, Maltecca C, Boettcher P. Evaluation of association between polymorphism within the thyroglobulin gene and milk production traits in dairy cattle. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics. 2007;124 (1): 26–28. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0388.2007.00634.x
Savaşçı M, Atasoy F. The investigation of calpastatin and thyroglobulin gene polymorphisms in some native cattle breeds. Ankara Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi. 2016; 63(1): 53–59. Available from: https://resolver-ebsco-com.ejournal.mahidol.ac.th/
Casas E, White SN, Riley DG, Smith TP, Keele JW. Assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes residing on chromosomes 14 and 29 for association with carcass composition traits in Bos indicus cattle. Journal of Animal Science; 83(4): 13-19. https://dx.doi.org/10.2527/2005.83113x
Casas E, White SN, Shackelford SD, Wheeler TL, Koohmaraie M, Bennett GL, et al. Assessing the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms at the thyroglobulin gene with carcass traits in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science. 2007 ; 85(11) : 2807–2814. doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0179
Halli K, Yin T, Koch C, Krebs S, König S. Heat stress induces specific methylation, transcriptomic and metabolic pattern in dairy cows and their female progeny. Scientific Reports. 2025; 15(1): 17021. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-01082-3
