Effect of Temperature on Arabica Coffee

Abstract

Temperature has a great effect on Arabica coffee brgining from seed germination, growth of seedlings and mature trees, bud initiation, flowering, fruit setting, and the reipening of the fruits. Seed germination was found to take only three week at 30 C constantly and it was taken as long as 3 months when temperature was kept at 17 C. Optimal growth of young seedlings were found at 30 C during day and 23 C during night, when the seedlings were 7 to 8 months when temperature was kept at 17 C. Optimal growth of young seedkubgs were found at 30 C during day and 23 C during night, when the seedlings were 7 to 8 months old, the optimal temperature was at 26 C day and 20 C night. As root temperature at 30 C day and at 20 C night were suitable for growth of coffee. More bud initiations were formed at a temperature combination of 23 C day and 17 C night. Once flower buds are formed, when temperature was high as 30 C day and 24 night, most of flower buds were developed into star flowers, and very few buds were developed into normal flowers. Fruit growth was very slow at 17 C day and 12 C night, the berries were ripen in nine months after flowering, whereas it took only four months at 25 C day and 20 C night after flowering.