Potential of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcus Linn.) as an Energy Source in Thailand

Abstract

Physic Nut (Jatropha curcus Linn.) is a plant native to tropical America. It has potential as an energy substitute and for medicinal purposes. In Thailand it can be found tin the North, Northeast and Southern Regions where it is grwon in home garden situations. It is tolerant of dry conditions and can be grown under relatively infertile soils. It can be propogated from either seed or cuttings and flowers about six months after planting. It is a monoecious plant. The mature capsule is brown or brownish-black in colour and usually contains three seeds. The seed coat is hard and black, whilst the kernel is white and has an oil content of between 46-58% of kernel weight. The oil has properties similar to diesel oil and can be used either as a fuel or energy source in place of diesel oil. When mixed with diesel oil in correct proportions it can also be used to run diesel engines. The oil also has other varied uses.
Three types of Physic Nut are found in Thailand; one has small round capsules, one has medium sized round capsules, while the third has medium sized round capsules with a thick capsule wall.