Effect of 3-Year NPK Continuous Fertilization on Cassava Grown in Yasothon Soil Series
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Abstract
Appropriate amounts of fertilizers are required for boosting cassava production, therefore a response of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety to chemical fertilizers in Yasothon soil series was conducted for 3-consecutive crops. A randomized complete block design was employed, having eight treatments as follows: fertilizing with 20:10:20 kg N:P2O5:K2O/rai (NPK), NPK without nitrogen (–N), phosphorus (–P) nor potassium (–K), NPK with half of N (–½N), P (–½P), and K (–½K), and no NPK (–NPK). Results showed that –NPK treatment significantly gave the lowest amount of all yield components in all cropping seasons (P < 0.01). Fresh tuber yield (3.32–6.17 t/rai) and starch yield (0.89–1.71 t/rai) were the highest amounts with no statistical difference among treatments received chemical fertilizers, except –K treatment that gave unidentical quantities to that of –NPK in the 1st cropping season. In the 2nd cropping season, –N treatment similarly gave low yields to –K and –NPK while NPK, –½N and –½P treatments produced the highest fresh tuber yield and starch yield (P < 0.01) in the ranges of 3.66–4.39 and 1.09–1.25 t/rai, respectively. Fertilization in NPK treatment induced the highest major nutrient uptake in most plant parts of cassava. Potassium was lost through crop removal in the greatest amount. After harvesting the 3rd crop, the highest soil total N and available K were observed from the plots fertilized with the highest rate of respective N and K fertilizers (P < 0.01), nonetheless, available P showed no relation to P fertilizer applied. The results indicated full rate of NPK or half rate of either primary plant nutrients is the suitable rate for cassava grown in this soil.
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