Effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment duration on growth, phytochemicals, antioxidant, and antiglycation activities in kangkong
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Abstract
Background and Objective: Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma is an innovative, non-thermal, and chemical-free technology with the potential to enhance plant growth and phytochemical production. Kangkong, known for its rich nutraceutical properties, offers significant potential for development into functional foods. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of DBD plasma treatment durations on the growth, phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, and antiglycation activity in kangkong.
Methodology: The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. Kangkong seeds were treated with DBD plasma for 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes, while untreated seeds served as a control. The seeds were sown, and the kangkong plants were harvested 20 days after sowing. Plant growth, phytochemical content, antioxidant activities, and antiglycation activities were measured.
Main Results: Kangkong seeds treated with DBD plasma for 10 minutes produced plants with the highest fresh and dry weights. Kangkong grown from seeds treated with DBD plasma for 5–20 minutes had high levels of chlorophyll B, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid, with no significant differences observed between these durations (P > 0.05). The highest total phenolic content in kangkong was achieved when seeds were treated with DBD plasma for 20 minutes. The highest total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity by FRAP assay were found in kangkong from 10-minute DBD plasma treatment seeds. However, 5 minutes of DBD plasma exposure resulted in the highest antioxidant activities by DPPH and ABTS assays and the greatest antiglycation activity.
Conclusions: Treating kangkong seeds with DBD plasma for 10 minutes was the optimal duration to promote growth and increase phytochemical levels, antioxidant activities, and antiglycation activities in kangkong.
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