Preliminary Investigation of In vitro and In vivo Antimalarial Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Garcinia mangostana Linn. (Mangosteen)
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Abstract
Garcinia mangostana Linn., commonly known as mangosteen, is a tropical fruit tree belonging to the family Clusiaceae (Guttiferae). Several parts of this plant have been used for traditional medicine, especially pericarp of mangosteen. The aim of this study was to evaluate antimalarial activity of the crude ethanolic extract of pericarp of Garcinia mangostana Linn. The finger print of the crude ethanolic extract and content of the marker compound. The α-mangosteen (32.9%) was analyzed by HPLC. Antimalarial activity of the crude ethanolic extract was evaluated in vitro against 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) and K1 (chloroquine resistant) Plasmodium falciparum clones. The crude ethanolic extract of pericarp of Garcinia mangostana Linn. exhibited moderate antimalarial activity with IC50 values of 10.94 and 7.54 µg/ml against 3D7 and K1 clones, respectively. It exhibited promising antimalarial activity with safety profile in acute and subacute toxicity tests in mice. The crude ethanolic extract of pericarp of Garcinia mangostana Linn at the dose of 250 mg/kg produced maximal activity.
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