The inhibition efficiency of fungal plant pathogens in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) by antagonistic fungi
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Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the potential of fungi and their crude extracts to control plant pathogenic fungi that cause plant diseases and to identified the most effective fungi using the molecular technique. A total of 15 antagonistic fungal isolates were classified and identified based on their morphological characteristics. Eight isolates were selected from their morphological appearances on the potato dextrose agar (PDA) and tested for their antagonistic potential against ten strains of plant pathogen in bambara groundnut using the dual culture plate method. Seven fungal isolates showed inhibitory action at least 1 strain of plant pathogenic fungi (inhibitory concentration range 50-75.56%) during the dual culture assay. Then, the three most active isolates were cultured in the potato dextrose broth (PDB) for 3 weeks. Fungal mycelium and fungal culture broth were extracted with 95% ethanol and 95% ethyl acetate, respectively. All extracts of the most potential isolates were also evaluated for antifungal activity against plant pathogens using the broth microdilution method at the final concentration range of 1024 – 2 µg/ml. The results revealed that the extract from the isolate LF02503 exhibited the highest growth inhibition against Cercospora sp. with MIC and MFC values of 2 and 64 µg/ml., respectively. The most active isolate (LF02503) was identified based on their nucleotide sequences of ITS region as Phomopsis sp. The results could be concluded that the antagonistic fungi exhibited growth inhibition to plant pathogenic fungi and could be a good source of biological control agent.
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