THE STUDIES ON INHIBITION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM OF 12 MEDICINAL PLANT CRUDE EXTRACTS AND THEIR MIXTURES
Keywords:
Rheum palmatum, Boesenbergia rotunda, Rhinacanthus nasutus, Crude extract, Antibacterial activityAbstract
Antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic crude extracts from twelve Thai medicinal
plants was studied on inhibition of five strains of Escherichia coli and one strain of Salmonella
typhimurium using spot-on-lawn method including time-kill kinetic assay and synergistic effect of
mixtures. Ethanolic crude extracts from the root of Rheum palmatum L., the rhizome of Boesenbergia
rotunda (L.) Mansf. and aerial part of Rhinacanthus nasutus L. exhibited minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.19-0.78, 0.19-0.78 and 0.19-1.56 mg/mL, respectively.
Ethanolic crude extract of R. palmatum L. inhibited both bacteria at more than 2 log CFU/mL in
12 h. Synergistic effects of mixture of crude extracts of B. rotunda, R. nasutus and R. palmatum
were tested using checkerboard method. Crude extract of B. rotunda and R. nasutus synergized
antibacterial activity with R. palmatum crude extract against E. coli O157H:7 and S. typhimurium
ATCC13311 at fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of 0.5. E. coli O157H:7 and S. typhimurium
ATCC13311 were inhibited at more than 2 log CFU/mL in less than 6 h by mixture of crude extracts
of R. palmatum and B. rotunda at concentrations of 0.09 and 0.19 mg/mL, respectively.
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