INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZER, GOAT MANURE AND AZOLLA ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF KHAI MOD RIN RICE GROWN UNDER POT CONDITION
Keywords:
Growth and Yield, Khai Mod Rin rice, Fertilizers, Manures, AzollaAbstract
Khai Mod Rin rice is an important local rice variety of Nakhon Si Thammarat. The rice germplasm was maintained by farmers for planting in the succeeding season. The main problem of rice cultivation is the cost of production and increased rice production factors cost e.g. animal manure and chemical fertilizers. The objective of this study was to compare the growth and yield of Khai Mod Rin rice after being treated with different fertilizers. The plot experiment was conducted at the experimental fields of the Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University from August 2021 to March 2022. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with 10 replications and 4 treatments; (T1) chemical fertilizer (46-0-0) applied as control, (T2) goat manure, (T3) mixed chemical fertilizer and goat manure (ratio 1:1) and (T4) Azolla. The results showed that using different types of fertilizer had significantly affected the number of tillers per hill, the number of panicles per hill, the number of filled seeds per hill, 100 grains weight, and total grain weight per hill. With T2, the yield per hill was significantly (P≤0.01) higher than the other treatments, at 18.59 g. However, T4 showed the highest plant height at an average of 130.77 cm. It can be concluded that using Azolla alone in rice cultivation did not provide enough plant nutrients for satisfactory rice yield.
References
Akhtar, M., Sarwar, N., Ashraf, A., Ejaz, A., Ali, S. & Rizwan, M. (2020). Beneficial role of Azolla sp. in paddy soils and their use as bio remediators in polluted aqueous environments: implications and future perspectives. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 67(9), 1–14.
Detpiratmongkol, S., Ubolkerd, T. & Yoosukyingstaporn, S. (2014). Effects of Chicken Pig and cow manures on growth and yield of Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata ees). Journal of Agricultural Technology, 10(2), 475-482.
Kamolmanit, B. & Lawongsa, P. (2021). Influence of goat manure biochar compost on soil organic carbon accumulation and aggregate formation. Khon Kaen Agricultural Journal, 49(5), 1194-1204. (In Thai)
Kaewsuralikhit, S., Thongra-ar, P., Chatchaisiri, K. & Saradhuldhat, P. (2018). Effect of dry azolla (Azolla microphylla) on growth of Pak Choi (Brassica chinensis). In Proceedings of the 17th National Horticultural Congress 2018: To the new frontiers of horticulture, November 19-21, 2018 (332-337). Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai University. (In Thai)
Frankel, O. H., Brown, A. D. H. & Burdon, J. J. (1995). The Conversation of Plant Biodiversity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
International Rice Research Unit. (1985). Annual report. International Rice Research Institute. Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
Muhammad, A., Hao, H., Xue, Y., Alam, A., Ba,i S., Hu, W., Sajid, M., Hu, Z., Abdu,l R., Li, Z., Liu, P., Gong, Z. & Wang, L. (2020). Survey of wheat straw stem characteristics for enhanced resistance to lodging. Cellulose, 27(5), 2469–2484.
Nilawonk, W. (2020). Influence of organic fertilizers and bio-extracts on the change of some soil properties and vegetable yields. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 48(3), 639-650. (In Thai)
Nooake, S., Posiri, W., Saeton, S., Ratanasamnieng, R., Panitcmkit, R., Boonyanupong, U., Preecha, R., Sengsim, P. & Rammanee, Y. (2009). Khai Mod Rin (NSRC95001-1-3) local rice for Muang Nakhon. In Rice Department (Ed.), Proceedings of rice and temperate cereal crops annual conference 2009, June 9-11, 2009 (58-65) Bangkok: Rice Department, Bureau of Rice Research and Development. (In Thai)
Office of Agricultural Economics. (2023). Percentage and amount of monthly planted area by region and per province, planting year 2022/23. Retrieved from http://www2.oae.go.th/statistic/yearbook 65/crops/01_majorice66.xls [2023, 25 Mar.]
Oupkaew, P., Chankhangram, R., Charoensuk, R. & Chamchod, S. (2018). The conservation and Increase Value of local rice in provinces regions border with Cambodia (Report). Faculty of Agricultural Technology Burapha University Sa Kaeo Campus, Burapha University. (In Thai)
Pamornkol, U. (2013). Diversity of native rice varieties in Uthai Thani Province (Report). Faculty of Agricultural Technology Burapha University Sa Kaeo Campus, Burapha University. (In Thai)
Pantu, M., Kaewsuralikhit, S, Sanoh, S, Dhanaraks, K, Prasertsak, P., Thongsodsaeng, C., Duangwichian, C. & Champathong, K. (2016). Effect of using azolla (Azolla microphylla) in combination with nitrogen fertilizer on growth and nutrient content in leaf of oil palm. Thai Agricultural Research Journal (Thailand), 34(3), 286-298. (In Thai)
Pongphusuwimon, C. (2023). A Comparative Study of the Use of Banana Plant Material, Azolla, and Chaya for Composting on the Growth of Green Cos Lettuce (Report). The Office of the National Agricultural Museum in Honor of His Majesty the King (Public Organization). (In Thai)
Pulltem, S., Seanjumnai, S., Jieopuang, K., Chaichana, N. & Pakoktom, T. (2017). Effects of fertilizers rate and type on growth and yield of Japonica rice. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 45(1), 176-181. (In Thai)
Putra, R C., Hidayah, S N. & Purwanto, B H. (2018). Influence of goat manure and Azolla on soil properties, nitrogen use efficiency, growth and yield of organic rice farming in Indonesia. Earth and Environmental Science, 215(1), 010-012.
Subedi, P. & Shrestha, J. (2015). Improving soil fertility through Azolla application in low land rice: A review. Azarian Journal of Agriculture, 2(2), 35-39.
Wagner, G.M. (1997). Azolla: A Review of Its biology and utilization. The Botanical Review, 63(1), 1–26.
Yang, C., Yang, L., Yang, Y. & Ouyang, Z. (2004). Rice root growth and nutrient uptake as influenced by organic manure in continuously and alternately flooded paddy soils. Agricultural Water Management, 70(1), 67-81.
Zhao, J., Ni, T., Li, J., Lu, Q., Fang, Z., Huang, Q., Zhung, R., Li, R., Shen, B. & Shen, Q. (2016). Effects of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with reduced chemical fertilizer application on crop yields, soil biological activity and bacterial community structure in a rice-wheat cropping system. Applied Soil Ecology, 99, 1-12.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
โปรดกรอกเอกสารและลงนาม "หนังสือรับรองให้ตีพิมพ์บทความในวารสารวิจัยมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏพระนคร สาขาวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี" ก่อนการตีพิมพ์
