The Application of Postbiotics as Feed Additives in Aquaculture
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Abstract
Postbiotics are products derived from probiotic microorganisms, consisting of inactivated microbial cells, bacterial cell components, and various metabolites produced during microbial metabolism. These compounds exhibit potential in promoting the health and growth performance of aquatic animals. This article aims to present recent scientific advances in postbiotic research, encompassing preparation methods, bioactive components, biological activities, and the efficacy of postbiotics as feed additives in aquaculture. Current studies indicate that postbiotics can positively influence growth rates, immune responses, gut health, and disease resistance in various aquatic species. Nevertheless, limitations remain regarding the understanding of their mechanisms of action, optimal dosages, and the diversity of commercially available products, which hinder widespread industrial application. Therefore, further in-depth research is recommended to develop more effective postbiotic formulations and to study the potential for synergistic effects with other feed additives. Such developments will play a crucial role in enhancing aquaculture efficiency, reducing antibiotic dependency, and promoting the long-term sustainability of the aquaculture industry
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