A Study of Urban Expansion in the Eastern Economic Corridor Area: Case Study in Si Racha District, Chonburi Province
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Abstract
This research aims to analyze land use changes and study patterns of urban expansion in Si Racha District, Chonburi Province. Sentinel-2 satellite imagery from 2016 to 2023 was analyzed using supervised classification methods to classify land use into five types: urban and built-up areas, agricultural areas, forest areas, water bodies, and miscellaneous areas. Classification accuracy evaluation showed overall accuracy at a high level (83.42% to 86.80%) and a Kappa index of 0.85. The study results showed that during 2016-2023, urban and built-up areas increased from 161.48 km² (26.53%) to 190.63 km² (31.11%), while agricultural and forest areas continuously declined. Urban expansion patterns showed two characteristics: linear settlements along major transportation routes—namely Sukhumvit Road and Motorway No. 7—and clustered settlements in four main urban centers: Si Racha Municipal area, the area around the Petroleum Industrial Group (Thai Oil), Laem Chabang Industrial Estate and Commercial Port, and the Saha Group Industrial Park. Forecasting results for 2027 using the CA-Markov model indicated that urban areas would increase to 248.78 km² (40.60%), expanding continuously from existing developed areas and areas near major infrastructure. Model accuracy was evaluated using an error matrix compared to actual 2023 data, yielding an overall accuracy of 97.25% and a Kappa index of 0.93. The findings can support urban planning and policy development in the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) to promote balance between urban development and sustainable conservation of agricultural and forest areas and can be applied to other areas with similar rapid industrial growth characteristics.
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