MECHANISM AND RESEARCH PROGRESS OF ETHANOL FERMENTATION RELATED GENES pdc AND adhII INVOLVED IN FUEL ETHANOL PRODUCTION
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Published:
Nov 1, 2007
Keywords:
pdc adhII ethanol fermentation mechanism
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Abstract
Fuel ethanol is important as one of the perfect energy sources in the replacement of fossil energy which is being used up. The use of biomass to produce fuel ethanol by fermentation are of interest. The product yield from fuel ethanol fermentation depends on high-level expression of the genes (pdc and adhII) which affect the rate and efficiency, key factors in the catabolic pathway of ethanol fermentation. In this paper, we review catabolic pathway of ethanol fermentation, the mechanism of actions of genes pdc and adhII and their applications in ethanol production and the research progress in the metabolic engineering of the genes pdc and adhII .
Keywords: pdc, adhII, ethanol fermentation, mechanism
Corresponding author: E-mail: YangQ@hit.edu.cn
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References
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[22] Arfman, N., Worrell, V. and Ingram, L. O. 1992 Use of the Tac Promoter and LacIq for the Controlled Expression of Zymomonas mobilis Fermentative Genes in Escherichia coli and Zymomonas mobilis. J. Bacteriol., 174 (22), 7370-7378.
[23] Moniruzzaman, M., Lai, X., York, S. W. and Ingram, L. O. 1997 Isolation and Molecular Characterization of High-performance Cellobiose-fermenting Spontaneous Mutants of Ethanologenic Escherichia coli KO11 Containing the Klebsiella oxytoca casaba Operon, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 63 (12), 4633-4637.
[24] Deng, M. D. and Coleman, J. R. 1999 Ethanol Synthesis by Genetic Engineering in Cyanobacteria, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 65 (2) 523-528.
[25] Guedon, E., Desvaux, M. and Petitdemange, H. 2002 Improvement of Cellulolytic Properties of Clostridium cellulolyticum by Metabolic Engineering, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68 (1), 53-58.
[26] Romero, S., Merino, E., Bolívar, F., Gosset, G. and Martinez, A. 2007 Metabolic Engineering of Bacillus subtilis for Ethanol Production: Lactate Dehydrogenase Plays a Key Role in Fermentative Metabolism, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 73(16), 5190-5198.
[27] Kalscheuer, R., Stölting, T. and Steinbüchel, A. 2006 Microdiesel: Escherichia coli Engineered for Fuel Production, Microbiology 152, 2529-2536.
[28] Talarico, L. A., Ingram, L. O. and Maupin-Furlow, J. A. 2001 Production of the Gram-positive Sarcina ventriculi pyruvate decarboxylase in Escherichia col, Microbiology, 147, 2425-2435.
[29] Raj, K. C., Talarico, L. A., Ingram, L. O. and Maupin,- Furflow, J. A. 2002 Cloning and Characterization of the Zymobacter palmae Pyruvate Decarboxylase Gene (pdc) and Comparison to Bacterial Homologues, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68 (6), 2869-2876.
[30] Talarico, L. A., Gil, M. A., Yomano, L. P., Ingram, L. O. and Maupin-Furlow, J. A. 2005 Construction and Expression of an Ethanol Production Operon in Gram-positive Bacteria, Microbiology 151, 4023-4031.
[31] Jendrossek, D., Steinbüchel, A. and Schlegel, H. G. 1988 Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene from Alcaligenes eutrophus: Subcloning, Heterologous Expression in Escherichia coli, Sequencing, and Location of Tn5 Insertions. J. Bacteriol., 170(11), 5248-5256.
[32] Youngleson, J. S., Santangelo, J. D., Jones, D. T. and Woods, D. R. 1988 Cloning and Expression of a Clostridium acetobutylicum Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene in Escherichia coli, Appl Environ. Microbiol., 54 (3), 676-682.
[2] Alan, D. Neale, Robert K. Scopes, Richard E.H. Wettenhall and Nicholas J. Hoogenraad, 1987 Nucleotide sequence of the pyruvate decarboxylase gene from Zymomonas mobilis, Nucleic Acids Research, 15(4), 1753-1761.
[3] Hohmann, S. 1991 Characterization of PDC6, A third Structural Gene for Pyruvate Decarboxylase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol., 173 (24), 7963-7969.
[4] Kellermann, E., Seeboth, P.G. and Hollenberg, C.P. 1986 Analysis of the Primary Structure and Promoter Function of a Pyruvate Decarbozylase Gene (PDCI) from Saceharomyces cerevisiae, Nucleic Acids Research, 14(22), 8963-8977.
[5] Lu, P., Davis, B.P. and Jeffries, T.W. 1998 Cloning and Characterization of Two Pyruvate Decarboxylase Genes from Pichia stipites CBS 6054, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 64(1), 94-97.
[6] Conway, T., Sewell, G.W., Osman, Y.A. and Ingram, L.O. 1987 Cloning and Sequencing of the Alcohol Dehydrogenase II Gene from Zymomonas mobilis, J. Bacteriol., 169(6), 2591-2597.
[7] Bennetzen, J. L. and Hall, B. D. 1982 The Primary Structure of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gene for Alcohol Dehydrogenase, J. Biol. Chem., 257(6), 3018-3025.
[8] Russell, D.W., Smith, M. Williamson, V.M. and Young, E.T. 1983 Nucleotide Sequence of the Yeast Alcohol Dehydrogenase II Gene, J. Biol. Chem., 258(4), 2674-2682.
[9] Pim van Hoek, Marcel T. Flikweert, Quirina J. M. van der Aart, H. Y. de Steensma, Johannes P. van Dijken, and Jack T. Pronk, 1998 Effects of Pyruvate Decarboxylase Overproduction on Flux Distribution at the Pyruvate Branch Point in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 64 (6), 2133-2140.
[10] Tolan, S. and Finn, R.K. 1987 Fermentation of D-Xylose to Ethanol by Genetically Modified Klebsiella planticola, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 53 (9), 2039-2044.
[11] Alterthum, F. and Ingram, L. O. 1989 Efficient Ethanol Production from Glucose, Lactose, and Xylose by Recombinant Escherichia coli, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 55 (8), 1943-1948.
[12] Jiang, Y. h., You, S., Ren, J. and Xie, L.Y. 2002 Molecular Cloning and Expression of Pyruvate Decarboxylase cDNA from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 19 (4), 291-293.
[13] Ren, J., and Jiang, Y.H. 2006 Molecular Cloning and Expression of Pyruvate Decarboxylase Gene from Zymomonas mobilis, Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 23 (11), 735-738.
[14] Li, X.F. 2006 High Expression of Pyruvate Decarboxylase Gene from Zymomonas mobilis in Escherichia coli, ACTA ENERGIAE SOLARIS SINACA, 27 (11), 1120-1123.
[15] Lai, W.J., Chen, G. Q. 2006 Polyhydroxybutyrate Synthesis in Recombinant Zymonomas mobilis Affected Ethanol Production, China Biotechnology, 26(8), 52-56.
[16] Mackenzie, K.F., Conway, T., Aldrich, H. C. and Ingram, L. O. 1989 Expression of Zymomonas mobilis adhB (encoding alcohol dehydrogenase II) and adhB-lacZ Operon Fusions in Recombinant Z. mobilis, J. Bacteriol., 171 (9), 4577-4582.
[17] Jiang Y. and Shuo, W.I. 2006 Cloning, Expression and Characterization of Histag Fusion Biofuntional Alcohol Dehydrogenase from Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus JW200, Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology, 25(5), 15-19.
[18] Ingram, L. O., Conway, T., Clark, D. P., Sewell, G. W. and Preston, J. F. 1987 Genetic Engineering of Ethanol Production in Escherichia coli, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 53 (10), 2420-2425.
[19] Tolan, S. J. and Finn, R. K. 1987 Fermentation of D-Xylose and L- Arabinose to Ethanol by Erwinia chrysanthemi, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 53 (9), 2033-2038.
[20] Ohta, K., Beall, D.S., Mejia, J. P., Shanmugam, K. T. and Ingram, L. O. 1991 Metabolic Engineering of Klebsiella oxytoca M5A1 for Ethanol Production from Xylose and Glucose, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 57(10), 2810-2815.
[21] Ohta, K., Beall, D.S., Mejia, J. P., Shanmugam, K. T. and Ingram, L. O. 1991 Genetic Improvement of Escherichia coli for Ethanol Production: Chromosomal Integration of Zymomonas mobilis Genes Encoding Pyruvate Decarboxylase and Alcohol Dehydrogenase II. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 57 (4), 893-900.
[22] Arfman, N., Worrell, V. and Ingram, L. O. 1992 Use of the Tac Promoter and LacIq for the Controlled Expression of Zymomonas mobilis Fermentative Genes in Escherichia coli and Zymomonas mobilis. J. Bacteriol., 174 (22), 7370-7378.
[23] Moniruzzaman, M., Lai, X., York, S. W. and Ingram, L. O. 1997 Isolation and Molecular Characterization of High-performance Cellobiose-fermenting Spontaneous Mutants of Ethanologenic Escherichia coli KO11 Containing the Klebsiella oxytoca casaba Operon, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 63 (12), 4633-4637.
[24] Deng, M. D. and Coleman, J. R. 1999 Ethanol Synthesis by Genetic Engineering in Cyanobacteria, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 65 (2) 523-528.
[25] Guedon, E., Desvaux, M. and Petitdemange, H. 2002 Improvement of Cellulolytic Properties of Clostridium cellulolyticum by Metabolic Engineering, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68 (1), 53-58.
[26] Romero, S., Merino, E., Bolívar, F., Gosset, G. and Martinez, A. 2007 Metabolic Engineering of Bacillus subtilis for Ethanol Production: Lactate Dehydrogenase Plays a Key Role in Fermentative Metabolism, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 73(16), 5190-5198.
[27] Kalscheuer, R., Stölting, T. and Steinbüchel, A. 2006 Microdiesel: Escherichia coli Engineered for Fuel Production, Microbiology 152, 2529-2536.
[28] Talarico, L. A., Ingram, L. O. and Maupin-Furlow, J. A. 2001 Production of the Gram-positive Sarcina ventriculi pyruvate decarboxylase in Escherichia col, Microbiology, 147, 2425-2435.
[29] Raj, K. C., Talarico, L. A., Ingram, L. O. and Maupin,- Furflow, J. A. 2002 Cloning and Characterization of the Zymobacter palmae Pyruvate Decarboxylase Gene (pdc) and Comparison to Bacterial Homologues, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68 (6), 2869-2876.
[30] Talarico, L. A., Gil, M. A., Yomano, L. P., Ingram, L. O. and Maupin-Furlow, J. A. 2005 Construction and Expression of an Ethanol Production Operon in Gram-positive Bacteria, Microbiology 151, 4023-4031.
[31] Jendrossek, D., Steinbüchel, A. and Schlegel, H. G. 1988 Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene from Alcaligenes eutrophus: Subcloning, Heterologous Expression in Escherichia coli, Sequencing, and Location of Tn5 Insertions. J. Bacteriol., 170(11), 5248-5256.
[32] Youngleson, J. S., Santangelo, J. D., Jones, D. T. and Woods, D. R. 1988 Cloning and Expression of a Clostridium acetobutylicum Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene in Escherichia coli, Appl Environ. Microbiol., 54 (3), 676-682.