Tetrahymenosis
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Published:
Feb 1, 2022
Keywords:
Tetrahymena spp. Pathology Treatment
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Abstract
Tetrahymenosis is caused by Tetrahymena spp., a ciliated protozoa, which causes damage in various fish such as cichlid, tetras, guppy. Epidemiological data was reported in Japan, Australia and Thailand. Affected fish revealed petechial hemorrhage at body then expanded rapidly and developed deep ulcer. Moribund fish found cluster of parasite in muscles and internal organs. Treatment with medicated feed of dimetridazole showed good respond.
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Review Article
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References
อรัญญา พลพรพิสิฐ นันทริกา ชันซื่อ วีณา เคยพุดซา จิรศักดิ์ ตั้งตรงไพโรจน์ ณิฏฐารัตน์ ปภาวสิทธิ์ มากาโตะ เอนโดะ 2549. การใช้ใบหูกวาง (Terminalia catappa L.) เพื่อรักษาโรคในปลากัด (Betta splendens) และปลาหางนกยูง (Poecilia reticulata). รายงานผลการวิจัย กองทุนรัชดาภิเษกสมโภช. จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย. 121 หน้า.
Astrofsky K.M., J.M. Schech, B.J. Sheppard, C.A. Obenschain, A.M. Chin and M.C. Kacergis. 2002. High mortality due to Tetrahymena sp. infection in laboratory maintained zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio). Comp Med. 52: 363–7.
Bunnajirakul, S., 2017. Koi sleepy disease. J. Mahanakorn Vet. Med. 12(1): 29-34.
Bunnajirakul, S. 2018. Emerging Disease in Tilapia :Tilapia lake virus disease (TiLVD).J. Mahanakorn Vet. Med. 13(1): 77-83.
Bunnajirakul, S. 2019. Fish Franciscellosis. J. Mahanakorn Vet. Med. 14(2): 129-138.
Callinan, R.B. and S.J. Rowland. 1994. Diseases of silver perch, pp.67-75. In Rowland, S.J. and Bryant, C. (eds.). Proceedings of Silver Perch Aquaculture Workshops. Austasia Aquaculture, Grafton and Narrandera.
FAO. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. Sustainability in action. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9229en (Accessed 30 September 2020).
Ferguson, H.W., B.D. Hicks, D.H. Lynn, V.E. Ostland and J. Bailey. 1987. Cranial ulceration in Atlantic Salmon Salmon salar associated with Tetrahymena sp. Dis Aquat Org. 2: 191–5.
Foissner, W. 1992. Protargol methods. In "Protocols in protozoology". Lee, J.J. and Soldo, A. T. eds. Soc. Protozool., Kansas, C6, pp. 1-8.
Hatai, K., K. Chukanhom, O. Lawhavinit, C. Hanjavanit, M. Kunitsune and S. Imai. 2001. Some Biological Characteristics of Tetrahymena corlissi Isolated from Guppy in Thailand. Fish Pathol. 36(4): 195-199.
Herbert, B. and Graham, P. 2008. Tetrahymenosis, columnaris disease and motile aeromonad
septicaemia in golden perch, Macquaria ambiqua (Richardson), from Australia, pp. 179-192. In Bondad-Reantaso, M.G., Mohan, C.V., Crumlish, M. and Subasinghe, R.P. (eds.). Diseases in Asian Aquaculture VI. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines. 505 pp.
Iglesias, R., A. Parama, M.F. Alvarez, J. Leiro, J. Fernandez and M.L. Sanmartin. 2001. Philasterides dicentrarchi (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatida) as the causative agent of scuticociliatosis in farmed turbot Scophthalmus maximus in Galicia (NW Spain). Dis Aquat Org. 46: 47–55.
Imai, S., S. Tsurimaki, E. Goto , K. Wakita and K. Hatai. 2000. Tetrahymena Infection in Guppy, Poecilia reticulate. Fish Pathol. 35(2): 67-72.
Keirstead, N.D., J.W., Brake,M.J., Griffen,I., Halliday-Simmonds, M.A. Thrall and E. Soto. 2014. Fatal septicemia caused by the zoonotic bacterium Streptococcus iniae during an outbreak in Caribbean reef fish. Vet. Pathol. 52: 1035-1041.
Leibowitz, M.P. and D. Zilberg. 2009. Tetrahymena sp. infection in guppies, Poecilia reticulate Peters: parasite characterization and pathology of infected fish. J. Fish Dis.1-11. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.01062.x
Lom, J. and Dyková, I. 1992. Ciliates (Phylum Ciliophora Dofelin, 1901), pp. 237-288. In Lom, J. and Dyková, I. (eds.). Protozoan Parasites of Fishes. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Noga E. J. 1996. Fish disease ; Diagnosis and Treatment. Mosby-Year Book, Inc. St.Louis, Missouri, USA. 367 pp.
Pimenta-Leibowitz, M., R. Ariav and D Zilberg. 2005. Environmental and physiological conditions affecting Tetrahymena sp. infection in guppies, Poecilia reticulate Peters. J Fish Dis. 28: 539–47.
Ponpornpisit, A., E. Makoto and H. Murata. 2000. Experimental infections of a ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis on ornamental fishes. Fish Sci. 66: 1026–1031.
Tantawanit, S.,T. Somsiri,W. Maneepitaksanti, W. Panyawachira, J.Polchana, S. Kanchanakarn and T.Laoprasert. 2019. Prevention and Treatment of Fish diseases. Department of Fisheries. Bangkok. 36 pp. (in Thai)
Verner-Jeffreys, D.W. and N.J. Taylor. 2015. Review of freshwater treatments used in the Scottishfreshwater rainbow trout aquaculture industry. Scottish Aquaculture Research Forum Report SARF100. 55 pp.
Astrofsky K.M., J.M. Schech, B.J. Sheppard, C.A. Obenschain, A.M. Chin and M.C. Kacergis. 2002. High mortality due to Tetrahymena sp. infection in laboratory maintained zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio). Comp Med. 52: 363–7.
Bunnajirakul, S., 2017. Koi sleepy disease. J. Mahanakorn Vet. Med. 12(1): 29-34.
Bunnajirakul, S. 2018. Emerging Disease in Tilapia :Tilapia lake virus disease (TiLVD).J. Mahanakorn Vet. Med. 13(1): 77-83.
Bunnajirakul, S. 2019. Fish Franciscellosis. J. Mahanakorn Vet. Med. 14(2): 129-138.
Callinan, R.B. and S.J. Rowland. 1994. Diseases of silver perch, pp.67-75. In Rowland, S.J. and Bryant, C. (eds.). Proceedings of Silver Perch Aquaculture Workshops. Austasia Aquaculture, Grafton and Narrandera.
FAO. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. Sustainability in action. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9229en (Accessed 30 September 2020).
Ferguson, H.W., B.D. Hicks, D.H. Lynn, V.E. Ostland and J. Bailey. 1987. Cranial ulceration in Atlantic Salmon Salmon salar associated with Tetrahymena sp. Dis Aquat Org. 2: 191–5.
Foissner, W. 1992. Protargol methods. In "Protocols in protozoology". Lee, J.J. and Soldo, A. T. eds. Soc. Protozool., Kansas, C6, pp. 1-8.
Hatai, K., K. Chukanhom, O. Lawhavinit, C. Hanjavanit, M. Kunitsune and S. Imai. 2001. Some Biological Characteristics of Tetrahymena corlissi Isolated from Guppy in Thailand. Fish Pathol. 36(4): 195-199.
Herbert, B. and Graham, P. 2008. Tetrahymenosis, columnaris disease and motile aeromonad
septicaemia in golden perch, Macquaria ambiqua (Richardson), from Australia, pp. 179-192. In Bondad-Reantaso, M.G., Mohan, C.V., Crumlish, M. and Subasinghe, R.P. (eds.). Diseases in Asian Aquaculture VI. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines. 505 pp.
Iglesias, R., A. Parama, M.F. Alvarez, J. Leiro, J. Fernandez and M.L. Sanmartin. 2001. Philasterides dicentrarchi (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatida) as the causative agent of scuticociliatosis in farmed turbot Scophthalmus maximus in Galicia (NW Spain). Dis Aquat Org. 46: 47–55.
Imai, S., S. Tsurimaki, E. Goto , K. Wakita and K. Hatai. 2000. Tetrahymena Infection in Guppy, Poecilia reticulate. Fish Pathol. 35(2): 67-72.
Keirstead, N.D., J.W., Brake,M.J., Griffen,I., Halliday-Simmonds, M.A. Thrall and E. Soto. 2014. Fatal septicemia caused by the zoonotic bacterium Streptococcus iniae during an outbreak in Caribbean reef fish. Vet. Pathol. 52: 1035-1041.
Leibowitz, M.P. and D. Zilberg. 2009. Tetrahymena sp. infection in guppies, Poecilia reticulate Peters: parasite characterization and pathology of infected fish. J. Fish Dis.1-11. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.01062.x
Lom, J. and Dyková, I. 1992. Ciliates (Phylum Ciliophora Dofelin, 1901), pp. 237-288. In Lom, J. and Dyková, I. (eds.). Protozoan Parasites of Fishes. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Noga E. J. 1996. Fish disease ; Diagnosis and Treatment. Mosby-Year Book, Inc. St.Louis, Missouri, USA. 367 pp.
Pimenta-Leibowitz, M., R. Ariav and D Zilberg. 2005. Environmental and physiological conditions affecting Tetrahymena sp. infection in guppies, Poecilia reticulate Peters. J Fish Dis. 28: 539–47.
Ponpornpisit, A., E. Makoto and H. Murata. 2000. Experimental infections of a ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis on ornamental fishes. Fish Sci. 66: 1026–1031.
Tantawanit, S.,T. Somsiri,W. Maneepitaksanti, W. Panyawachira, J.Polchana, S. Kanchanakarn and T.Laoprasert. 2019. Prevention and Treatment of Fish diseases. Department of Fisheries. Bangkok. 36 pp. (in Thai)
Verner-Jeffreys, D.W. and N.J. Taylor. 2015. Review of freshwater treatments used in the Scottishfreshwater rainbow trout aquaculture industry. Scottish Aquaculture Research Forum Report SARF100. 55 pp.