A pilot study of the effect of Lom-Pa-Kang poultice on the pain relief in episodic migraine patients
Keywords:
Lom-pa-kang, Poultice, Migraine, Headache, PainAbstract
Migraine headache is a common and highly disabling neurological disorder associated with a significant reduction in patient quality. The current migraine treatment is analgesics, triptans, and ergot is often unsatisfactory in patients because of drugs' side effects. Alternative medicine is an interesting method of treatment to avoid the adverse effects of drug use. In the past, Thai traditional medicine has used Lom-Pa-Kang Poultice (LPKP) to treat migraines. However, there is no research to prove the effectiveness of the drug. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of LPKP on pain relief in ten episodic migraine patients. The subjects were given LPKP on temples 3 times per week (30 min per time) over 2 months. Evaluate treatment results by comparing changes in pain frequency, pain intensity, and pain duration at 1 and 2 months after treatment. The results showed that the pain frequency, pain intensity, and pain duration were significantly decreased (p-value <0.05) after 1 and 2 months of treatment compared to the before treatment. The pain frequency and pain intensity on the treatment after 2 months were significantly decreased (p-value <0.05) compared to the treatment after 1 month. However, the treatment after 2 months of the LPKP showed promising results in reducing pain duration, but not significantly when compared to the treatment after 1 month. This pilot study can be concluded that LPKP affected reducing pain frequency, pain intensity, and pain duration in episodic migraine patients.
References
Achanupap S. Textbook of treatment for general diseases Vol.2:350 diseases care and prevention, 4th ed. Bangkok: Holistic Publishing; 2551. p. 916. (In Thai)
Supronsinchai W, Storer RJ, Srikiatkhachorn A. Pathogenesis of migraine. J Med Health Sci. 2014;21(2):25–31.
Burstein R, Noseda R, Borsook D. Migraine: Multiple Processes, Complex Pathophysiology. J Neurosci. 2015;35(17):6619–29.
Adams SS, Bough RG, Cliffe EE, Lessel B, Mills RFN. Absorption, distribution and toxicity of ibuprofen. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1969;15(2):310–30.
Busson M. Update on Ibuprofen: Review Article. J Int Med Res. 1986;14(2):53–62.
MacDonald T, Wei L. Effect of ibuprofen on cardioprotective effect of aspirin. Lancet. 2003;361(9357):573–4.
Meyler W. Side Effects of Ergotamine. Cephalalgia. 1996;16(1):5–10.
Hernandez-reif M, Dieter J, Field T, Swerdlow B, Diego M. Migraine Headaches are Reduced by Massage Therapy. Int. J. Neurosci. 1998;96(1–2):1–11.
Lawler SP, Cameron LD. A randomized, controlled trial of massage therapy as a treatment for migraine. Ann Behav Med. 2006;32(1):50–9.
Ca V. A controlled trial of the treatment of migraine by acupuncture. Clin J Pain. 1989;5(4):305–12.
Holmes DS, Burish TG. Effectiveness of biofeedback for treating migraine and tension headaches: A review of the evidence. J Psychosom Res. 1983;27(6);515-32.
Royal Institute. Thai medical and Pharmaceutical dictionary Royal Institute edition. 3rd ed. Bangkok: Department for Development of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine; 2556. p. 566. (In Thai)
Foundation for the rehabilitation of Traditional Thai Medicine. Textbook of Traditional Thai Medicine (Medical aid, Conservation edition). Bangkok: Supawanit Printing; 2550. p. 485. (In Thai)
Thorajake P, Thiantongin P, Phochaisri W, Moonta S, Saisri S. A Pilot Study of the Effect of Lom-Pa-Kang Poultice on Stress: Evaluation of Heart Rate Variability. J Thai Trad Alt Med. 2020;18(3):616–24. (In Thai)
Tasleem F, Azhar I, Ali SN, Perveen S, Mahmood ZA. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Piper nigrum L. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 2014;7:461–8.
Promsungwong P, Khotchompoo S, Ungsamran W, Srihamongkol T. The effect of Gel Patches from Ginger and Turmeric Relieving Knee joint Pain In The Elderly In
The Area of Khlong Nueng Subdistrict Klong Luang Distinct Pathum Thani Province. The 11th National and International Conference; 2020 Mar 27; Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University. Bangkok: The Graduate School Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University;2020. 1039-48. (In Thai)
Hongratanaworakit T, Buchbauer G. Chemical composition and stimulating effect of Citrus hystrix oil on humans. Flavour Fragr J. 2007;22(5):443–9.
Pitisutitham P, Pichiensunthorn CH, editors. Textbook of clinical research (fourth edition revised and expanded). 4th ed. Bankkok: Amarin Printing & Publishing; 2018. p.660. (In Thai)
Whitehead AL, Julious SA, Cooper CL, Campbell MJ. Estimating the sample size for a pilot randomised trial to minimise the overall trial sample size for the external pilot and main trial for a continuous outcome variable. Stat Methods Med Res. 2016;25(3):1057–73.
Olesen J, Steiner TJ. The international classification of headache disorders, 2nd ed (ICDH-II). J Neurol Neurosur PS. 2004;75(6):808–11.
Parakho P. A feasibility of yoga and self control intervention on headache and sleep quality among migraine patients at Mahasarakham Hospital [dissertation]. Khonkaen: Khon Kaen University; 2551. (In Thai)
Auvichayapat P, Janyacharoen T, Tiamkao S, Krisanaprakornkit T, Thinkhamrop B, Auvichayapat N. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Prophylactic Treatment in Migraine Patients, an Open-Label Pilot Study. Srinagarind Med J. 2012;27(1):49-58.
Lordongbung P, Decha R, Suntara W, Nunklang S, Hanrinth R, Suttiruksa S. Effects of Pharmaceutical Care Based on the Clinical Practice Guideline of Migraine in a University Pharmacy: a Pilot Study. Thai J Pharm Prac. 2016;8(2):249–60. (In Thai)
Singh V. Ethnobotany and Medicinal Plants of India and Nepal Vol.3. Scientific Publishers; 2009. p.315.
Moss M, Oliver L. Plasma 1,8-cineole correlates with cognitive performance following exposure to rosemary essential oil aroma. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2012;2(3):103–13.
Costaa R, Machaab J, Abreuc C. Evaluation of Analgesic Properties of Piper NigrumEssential Oil: a Randomized, Double-blind,Placebo-controlled Study. World J Tradit Chin Med. 2016; 2(2):60–64.
Bernardi M, Bertolini A, Szczawinska K, Genedani S. Blockade of the polyamine site of NMDA receptors produces antinociception and enhances the effect of morphine, in mice. J. Pharmacol. 1996;298(1):51–5.
Elisabetsky E, Brum LF, Souza DO. Anticonvulsant properties of linalool in glutamate-related seizure models. Phytomedicine. 1999;6(2):107–13.
Corasaniti MT, Maiuolo J, Maida S, Fratto V, Navarra M, Russo R, et al. Cell signaling pathways in the mechanisms of neuroprotection afforded by bergamot essential oil against NMDA-induced cell death in vitro. Br J Pharmacol. 2007;151(4):518–29.
Katsuyama S, Mizoguchi H, Kuwahata H, Komatsu T, Nagaoka K, Nakamura H, et al. Involvement of peripheral cannabinoid and opioid receptors in β-caryophyllene-induced antinociception. Eur J Pain. 2013;17(5):664–75.
Klauke A-L, Racz I, Pradier B, Markert A, Zimmer AM, Gertsch J, et al. The cannabinoid CB₂ receptor-selective phytocannabinoid beta-caryophyllene exerts analgesic effects in mouse models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014;24(4):608–20.
Sarmento-Neto JF, Do Nascimento LG, Felipe CFB, De Sousa DP. Analgesic Potential of Essential Oils. Molecules. 2016;21(1):20.
Akinyemi AJ, Adeniyi PA. Effect of Essential Oils from Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Rhizomes on Some Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cadmium Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats. J Toxicol. 2018:1-7.
K J, Vb L, R K. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of essential oil from ginger. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2013;57(1):51–62.
Funk JL, Frye JB, Oyarzo JN, Timmermann BN. Comparative effects of two gingerol-containing Zingiber officinale extracts on experimental rheumatoid arthritis. J Nat Prod. 2009;72(3):403–7.
Garg VK, Khosa RL. Analgesic and anti-pyretic activity of aqueous extract of Cynodon dactylon. Pharmacologyonline. 2008;3:12–8.
Garg VK, Paliwal SK. Anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of Cynodon dactylon. Int J Pharmacol. 2011;7(3):370–5.
Yogesh HS, Kichadi SC, Muchandi IS, Gopalakrishna B. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Cynodon dactylon Pers. on carrageenan induced paw edema in rats. Indian J Nat Prod Resour. 2013;4:151–4.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Naresuan Phayao Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
ผู้นิพนธ์ต้องรับผิดชอบข้อความในบทนิพนธ์ของตน มหาวิทยาลัยพะเยาไม่จำเป็นต้องเห็นด้วยกับบทความที่ตีพิมพ์เสมอไป ผู้สนใจสามารถคัดลอก และนำไปใช้ได้ แต่จะต้องขออนุมัติเจ้าของ และได้รับการอนุมัติเป็นลายลักษณ์อักษรก่อน พร้อมกับมีการอ้างอิงและกล่าวคำขอบคุณให้ถูกต้องด้วย
The authors are themselves responsible for their contents. Signed articles may not always reflect the opinion of University of Phayao. The articles can be reproduced and reprinted, provided that permission is given by the authors and acknowledgement must be given.