Optimization of extraction conditions of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq
Keywords:
Orthosiphon aristatus, Phytochemical, Extraction, UltrasonicAbstract
The objective of this research was to investigate the optimal condition extraction of phytochemicals (phenolic and flavonoid contents) and antioxidant activity from Orthosiphon aristatus. The first experimental was studied the different extraction methods (maceration, ultrasonic, and microwave) and the ratio of ethanol and water (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:100) on yield of extraction, contents of total phenolic, and flavonoids. The experimental results showed that these two parameters affected the yield of extraction, total phenolic, and flavonoid contents. The optimum extraction conditions were using the ultrasonic method by extraction time with 30 mins and ethanol to water ratio (60:40 and 40:60) for the highest yield of extraction and total phenolic, furthermore, using ethanol to water ratio of 100:0 for flavonoid content.
The second experimental was to determine the effect of single-factor by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Three factors include extraction times (5-90 mins), the ratio of ethanol and water (100:0-0:100) and the sample weight (0.5-5.0 g). According to the analysis results, all single factors significantly affected phenolic, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon aristatus extract (p<0.05). The optimal an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition were followed: the extraction time was 70 min, the ethanol to water ratio of 80:20 and the sample weight with 5.0 g. Under these conditions, the phenolic, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity with 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were 951.17 µg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mg extract, 2.42 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/mg extract and IC50 of antioxidant value of 154.41 µg/mL, respectively.
References
Alshehade SA, Zarzour RHA, Mathai M, Giribabu N, Seyedan A, Kaur G, et al. Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via antioxidant activities in C57BL/6 obese mice and palmitic–oleic acid-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells. Pharmaceuticals. 2023;16(109):1-25.
Ashraf K; Sultan S; Adam A. Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. is an outstanding food medicine: Review of phytochemical and pharmacological activities. J. Pharm. Bioallied Sci. 2018;10: 109–18.
Faramayuda F, Mariani TS, Elfahmi, Sukrasno. Plant tissue culture of cat whiskers (Orthosiphon aristatus Blume Miq): A review of secondary metabolite production and micropropagation. Pharmacy Education. 2022; 22(2):92-7.
Nadeem M, Imran M, Gondal TA, Imran A, Shahbaz M, Amir RM, et al. Therapeutic potential of rosmarinic acid: A comprehensive review. Appl. Sci. 2019;9(3139):1-23.
Chua LS, Lua CH, Chew CY, Ismail NIM, Soontorngun N. Phytochemical profile of Orthosiphon aristatus extracts after storage: rosmarinic acid and other caffeic acid derivatives. Phytomedicine. 2018;39(15):49-55.
Masota NE, Vogg G, Heller E, Holzgrabe U. Comparison of extraction efficiency and selectivity between low-temperature pressurized microwave-assisted extraction and prolonged maceration. Arch. Pharm. 2020; 353(10):1-11.
Georgiopoulou I, Louli V, Magoulas, K. Comparative study of conventional, microwave-assisted and supercritical fluid extraction of bioactive compounds from microalgae: The case of Scenedesmus obliquus. Separations. 2023;10(290): 1-23.
Chuyen HV, Nguyen MH, Roach PD, Golding JB, Parks SE. Microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction for recovering carotenoids from Gac peel and their effects on antioxidant capacity of the extracts. Food Sci Nutr. 2018;6:189–96.
Siramon P, Wongsheree T, Yuadyong S. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from coconut endocarp and its radical scavenging activity. Naresaun Phayao J. 2020;13(3):22-8. (in Thai)
Cui L, Zhang Z, Li H, Li N, Li X, Chen T. Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins from Perilla leaves using response surface methodology. Food Sci. Technol. 2017;23(4): 535-43.
Correa ML, Dugue BEV, Tobbon JFO. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from Adenaria floribunda stem: Economic Assessment. Foods. 2022;11(2904):1-6.
Sai-Ut S, Kingwacharapong P, Mazumder MAR, Rawdkuen S. Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidants from Careya sphaerica Roxb. flowers using response surface methodology. Appl. Food Res. 2024;4(100379):1-2.
Zhang QW, Lin LQ, Ye WC. Techniques for extraction and isolation of natural products: a comprehensive review. Chin. Med. 2018;13(20):1-26.
Li Y, Tao F, Cui K, Song Y, Nan L, Cui C, et al. Optimization of ultrasonic extraction of anthocyanin in mulberry residue by response surface methodology. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 2020;559 (012024).1-10.
17. Chang CH, Lin HY, Chang CY, Liua, YC. Comparisons on the antioxidant properties of fresh, freeze dried and hot-air-dried tomatoes. J. Food. Eng. 2006;77:478-85.
Ueda Y, Apiphuwasukcharoen N, Tsutsumi S, Matsuda Y, Areekul V, Yasuda, S, Optimization of hot water extraction of dried yacon herbal tea leaves: enhanced antioxidant activities and total phenolic content by response surface methodology. Food Sci. Technol. 2019;25(1):131-9.
Singh JP, Kaur A, Singh, N, Nim, L, Shevkani K, Kaur, H, et al. In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of jambolan (Syzygium cumini) fruit polyphenols. LWT Food. Sci. Technol. 2016;65:1025–30.
Dent M, Uzelac VD, Penic M, Branic M, Bosiljkov T, Levaj N. The effect of extraction solvents, temperature and time on the composition and mass fraction of polyphenols in Dalmatian Wild Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) extracts. Food. Technol. Biotechnol. 2013;51(1):84-91.
Suedee A. Microwave-assisted extraction of active compounds from medicinal plants. EAU Heritage Journal Science and Technology. 2017; 11(1):1-4. (in Thai)
Jamshaid S, Ahmed D, Aydar AY. Ultrasound-assisted extraction optimization of polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant compounds from fruit of Melia azedarach using a glycerol-based green deep eutectic solvent. J. Food Process. Preserv. 2022;46(8): e16657.
Kumar N, Kumar G, Prabhakar PK, Sahu JK, Naik S. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) stem: Quantitative process optimization and bioactives analysis. J. Food Process Eng. 2023;46(6): e14259.
Kkeiman M, Ryu KA, Kahn APE. 2016. Determination of factors influencing the wet etching of polydimethylsiloxane using tetra-n-butyl ammonium fluoride. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2016;217: 284-91.
Maulana TI, Falah S, Andrianto D.1. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of water and ethanol extract from Surian (Toona sinensis) leaves. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 2019;299. 1-9.
Kamkayan P, Assatarakul K. Effect of single-factor by ultrasound-assisted extraction on antioxidant properties of extract from Jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum) leaves. JFTSU. 2021;16(2):95-108.
Tabaraki R, Nateghi A. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of natural antioxidants from rice bran using response surface methodology. Ultrason. Sonochem. 2011;18(6):1279-86.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 University of Phayao
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
ผู้นิพนธ์ต้องรับผิดชอบข้อความในบทนิพนธ์ของตน มหาวิทยาลัยพะเยาไม่จำเป็นต้องเห็นด้วยกับบทความที่ตีพิมพ์เสมอไป ผู้สนใจสามารถคัดลอก และนำไปใช้ได้ แต่จะต้องขออนุมัติเจ้าของ และได้รับการอนุมัติเป็นลายลักษณ์อักษรก่อน พร้อมกับมีการอ้างอิงและกล่าวคำขอบคุณให้ถูกต้องด้วย
The authors are themselves responsible for their contents. Signed articles may not always reflect the opinion of University of Phayao. The articles can be reproduced and reprinted, provided that permission is given by the authors and acknowledgement must be given.
