Barriers to Exercise Participation in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Receiving Hemodialysis: A Qualitative Study
Keywords:
Patients with end-stage renal disease, Hemodialysis, Barriers to exercise, Qualitative researchAbstract
The qualitative descriptive study aimed to describe the barriers to exercise in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving hemodialysis. Participants were 13 patients with ESRD receiving hemodialysis 3 times a week for more than 3 months. Data was collected by in-depth interview with an open-ended questionnaire which has been verified for content validity by experts, using tape recorder and field note. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data. Trustworthiness was established following the guidelines of the Lincoln and Cuba.
The findings showed that barriers to exercise were described in 5 groups: 1) being in a transitional period – could not adapt oneself 1.1) feeling of uncertainty 1.2) Lack of intensity and consistency in exercise; 2) symptoms disturbed to exercise; 3) anxiety – fear of vascular access complications and side effects; 4) personal characteristics and co-factors; and 5) lack of motivation and confidence in exercise.
Recommendations: Since nurses are closely with patients, they should be an educator who provides knowledge related to the importance and usefulness of exercise, set up appropriate physical exercise for patients and advise them on safety of physical exercise. Nurses can also help to increase social support from family, friends, and related health care professions; organizing group activities to enhance motivation of the patients in order to do regularly and continuously exercise.
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