Components of Basic Childhood Vaccine Acceptance among Muslim Parents in the Yaha District Community, Yala Province
Keywords:
Basic childhood vaccines, Muslim parents, Vaccination acceptanceAbstract
This descriptive research aimed to investigate the components of basic childhood vaccine acceptance among Muslim parents in the community. The sample group consisted of 300 Muslim parents with children aged 0-5 years, selected through simple random sampling. The tool used a questionnaire on the components of childhood vaccine acceptance among parents, which had content validity index values of ≥ 0.75 for each item and 0.97 for the overall questionnaire. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was 0.91. Components were analyzed by using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), extracted the components using Principal Component Analysis, and rotated the factor axes obliquely using the Varimax method.
The research findings revealed that the components of basic childhood vaccine acceptance among Muslim parents in the Yaha district community of Yala province consisted of 5 components and 38 indicators. These included 1) Awareness and sources of information regarding vaccine production and safety with 18 indicators; 2) Vaccine efficacy and supporting evidence with 12 indicators; 3) Side effects of post-vaccination with 4 indicators; 4) Vaccine service system with 3 indicators; and 5) Halal vaccine with 1 indicator. Together, these 5 components and 38 indicators can explain 61.00% of the variance in the indicators, with eigenvalues of 15.83, 3.58, 1.53, 1.20, and 1.03, respectively.
Therefore, primary healthcare services and the district network in the Yaha district should use the components and indicators as guidelines to promote vaccine coverage in the community. This includes proactive information management using role models and empirical evidence, ensuring the quality and halal status of vaccines, educating about side effects, and implementing an active vaccine service system.
References
Ahmad, N., Jahis, R., Kuang Kuay, L., Jamaluddin, R., & Aris, T. (2017). Primary Immunization among Children in Malaysia: Reasons for Incomplete Vaccination. Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination, 8(3), 1000358. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7560.1000358
Cao, L., Zheng, J. S., Cao, L. S., Cui, J., Duan, M. J., & Xiao, Q. Y. (2018). Factors influencing the routine immunization status of children aged 2-3 years in China. PLoS One, 13(10), e0206566. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206566
Department of Disease Control. (2019, December 27). Epidemiological Surveillance Report of Measle outbreak. Department of Disease Control. https://ddc.moph.go.th/uploads/files/1112120200121090145.pdf
Department of Disease Control. (2024, March 1). Epidemiological Surveillance Report of Pertussis outbreak. Department of Disease Control. https://ddc.moph.go.th/uploads/ckeditor2// files/3.%20สถานการณ์โรคไอกรน_01032024.pdf
Division of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. (2020, Jul 20). Coverage survey for basic and based school immunization 2018. Department of Disease Control. https://ddc.moph.go.th/dvp/journal_detail.php?publish=10319
Galadima, A. N., Zulkefli, N. A. M., Said, S. M., & Ahmad, N. (2021). Factors influencing childhood immunization uptake in Africa: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 1475. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11466-5
Hair, F. J., Black, C. W., Babin, J. B., & & Anderson, E. R. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. (7th ed.). Pearson Education
Hajietae, I., & Langputeh, P. (2020). A Model of Vaccine Coverage Promotion in Children Aged 0-5 Years in Yala. Al-HIKMAH 10(20), 11. https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/HIKMAH/article/view/245946
Hotez, P. J. (2023). Vaccine Preventable Disease and Vaccine Hesitancy. Medical Clinics of North America, 107(6), 979 - 987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2023.05.012
Islam, M. S., Kamal, A. M., Kabir, A., Southern, D. L., Khan, S. H., Hasan, S. M. M., Sarkar, T., Sharmin, S., Das, S., Roy, T., Harun, M. G. D., Chughtai, A. A., Homaira, N., & Seale, H. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine rumors and conspiracy theories: The need for cognitive inoculation against misinformation to improve vaccine adherence. PLoS One, 16(5), e0251605. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251605
Jinarong, T., Chootong, R., Vichitkunakorn, P., & Songwathana, P. (2023). Muslim parents' beliefs and factors influencing complete immunization of children aged 0-5 years in a Thai rural community: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 1348. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15273-y
Kamaruzaman, N. K., Rizzi, M., & Attwell, K. (2025). A comprehensive review of the childhood vaccination landscape in Malaysia. Epidemiol Infect, 153, e41. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950 26882500024x
Khan, T. M., & Sahibzada, M. U. (2016). Challenges to health workers and their opinions about parents' refusal of oral polio vaccination in the Khyber Pakhtoon Khawa (KPK) province, Pakistan. Vaccine, 34(18), 2074 - 2081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.008
Levesque, J.-F., Harris, M. F., & Russell, G. (2013). Patient-centered access to health care: conceptualizing access at the interface of health systems and populations. International Journal for Equity in Health, 12(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-12-18
Lim, A. W. Y., Hss, A.-S., Netia, J., Rahmat, H., Mustafa, N. A., Yusof, F.-S., Rahman, R., Itam, S., Chan, C., N-Julia, M. S., & Lee, A. (2016). Exploring immunization refusal by parents in the Malaysian context. Cogent Medicine, 3, 1142410. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2016.1142410
Lim, K. K., Chan, Y. Y., Noor Ani, A., Rohani, J., Siti Norfadhilah, Z. A., & Santhi, M. R. (2017). Complete immunization coverage and its determinants among children in Malaysia: findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2016. Public Health, 153, 52 - 57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2017.08.001
McKee, C., & Bohannon, K. (2016). Exploring the Reasons Behind Parental Refusal of Vaccines. Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 21(2), 104 - 109. https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-21.2.104
Ministry of Public Health. (2023, January 10). Data Health Center, vaccine coverage in children age 0-5 years [Internet]. https://hdcservice.moph.go.th/hdc/reports/page.php?cat_id=4df36051 4655f79f13901ef1181ca1c7
Mohd Baharudin, J. A., Mohd Zain, M. R., Taib, F., & Abd Hamid, I. J. (2024). Knowledge and practice of childhood immunization among parents in Kelantan, Malaysia: A cross-sectional study. Malaysian Family Physician - Scimago Journal, 19, 6. https://doi.org/10.51866/oa.202
Mukhtar, A. F., Abdul Kadir, A., Mohd Noor, N., & Mohammad, A. H. (2022). Knowledge and Attitude on Childhood Vaccination among Healthcare Workers in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Vaccines (Basel), 10(7), 1017. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071017
Sa-idi, A. (2019). A Phenomenological Study on the Refusal of Vaccines for Children Among People in the Tungyangdaeng District of Pattani Province [Master’s thesis]. Mahidol University.
Saeed, R., & Hashmi, I. (2021). Pakistan Ranks Third Globally With the Most Unvaccinated Children: Is the Impact of Parental Perception and Attitude on Immunization an Essential Contributing Factor to an Unsuccessful Vaccination Coverage? Cureus, 13(11), e19751. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.19751
Section of Disease Control. (2024, Mar 3). Yala Measle Outbreak Situation, Disease Control and Prevention. Y. P. P. H. Office. https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1VfX0ZnfT4 AJsoD7c9P1E_mCn_foaAlaX
Sharif Nia, H., Allen, K. A., Arslan, G., Kaur, H., She, L., Khoshnavay Fomani, F., Gorgulu, O., & Sivarajan Froelicher, E. (2023). The predictive role of parental attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines and child vulnerability: A multi-country study on the relationship between parental vaccine hesitancy and financial well-being. Front Public Health, 11, 1085197. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1085197
Sirithammaphan, U., Chaisang, U., & Pongrattanamarn, K. (2023). Barriers to measles mumps rubella vaccine acceptance in the three southern border provinces of Thailand. Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research, 12(4), 298 - 303. https://doi.org/10.7774/cevr.2023.12.4.298
Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2007). Using Multivariate Statistics (5th ed.). Pearson Education.
Tengku Muhammad Fakhruddin, T. M. F., Aminnuddin, M., & Shafei, M. N. (2023). Knowledge of the Malaysian National Immunisation Programme and its associated factors among parents in Dungun, Terengganu: A cross-sectional study. The future direction of Malaysian Family Physician, 18, 3. https://doi.org/10.51866/oa.188
Walker, K. K., Head, K. J., Owens, H., & Zimet, G. D. (2021). A qualitative study exploring the relationship between mothers' vaccine hesitancy and health beliefs with COVID-19 vaccination intention and prevention during the early pandemic months. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 17(10), 3355 - 3364. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1942713
Wanawanakorn, K. (2019). Factors Affecting Coverage of measles vaccine of the target group in Su-ghai Kolok District. Journal of Preventive Medicine Association of Thailand, 9(2), 190 - 196. https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JPMAT/article/view/217726
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Princess of Naradhiwas University Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
