Distribution of Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn) in Water and Sediment at Tha Chin Estuary, Samut Sakhon Province
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Abstract
This study investigates the distribution of heavy metals within the Tha Chin river mouth, Samut Sakhon Province, focusing on the early loading period (April 2018) and the mid-loading period (July 2018). The content of Cadmium in all samples were undetectable while the contents of Lead, Copper and Zinc in water varied in the range of nd-5.5, 0.5-16.0 and 12.9-158.5 ppb, respectively. In the total suspended solids, they varied in the range of nd-4.0, nd-19.0 and 11.0-341.0 ppb, respectively and range of 10.6-53.5, 15.6-80.4 and 64.6-252.8 ppm, respectively in the sediments. Most heavy metals in the water did not exceed the standard value, but the heavy metals in the sediment were higher than the standard values in some stations, especially in the central part of the river mouth. The content of Copper, Zinc and Lead in water and sediment were seasonally significantly different (p <0.05) and, the content of Copper in the sediments of the central part of the river mouth was seasonally significantly different (p <0.05). Zinc content in water was significantly correlated with that of the total suspended solids. This study found that the heavy metal accumulation showed that heavy metals accumulation showed that the average value of heavy metals in the Tha chin river moth was 598,548.3 kilograms, featuring Zinc 66%, copper 18% and lead 16%, respectively. The total amount of heavy metals accumulated in sediment, suspended solids and water were 91%, 6% and 3%, respectively. These results indicate that the management of sediment contamination in Tha Chin river mouth is urgently needed.
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