Influence of Resistance Spot Welding Parameters on Welding Joints of 316L Stainless Steel Plates
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Abstract
This research aims to study the influence of resistance spot welding parameters on joints of 316L stainless steel plates (thickness 0.5 mm). The factors included welding current, welding time, and electrode pressure. The study also considered mechanical properties including shear force, micro hardness, microstructure, nugget size, and failure mode. The Box-Behnken design was employed as the experimental strategy, and the desirability function was used as the optimization tool. The results revealed that welding current, welding time, electrode pressure, and 2-way interactions between welding current and electrode pressure were the main effects that influence the shear force of joints at α = 0.05. The optimal welding condition was 0.3 MPa of electrode pressure, 4,500 A of weld current, and 2 s of weld time, and the corresponding shear force load was 2,679.59 N. The experimental results of microstructure, microhardness, and failure modes showed that nugget size and tensile shear strength increased with the increasing of welding current and welding time. In contrast, the increasing of electrode pressure affected the decreasing of nugget size and tensile shear strength.
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