The impact of various shelter materials on the growth performance and survival of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fry
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Abstract
African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) farming is economically important in many countries, particularly in high-density systems where early-stage survival is often compromised by stress and cannibalism. The use of shelter materials has shown potential in reducing aggressive behavior and improving fry welfare, yet comparative studies in this species remain limited. This study investigated the effects of different shelter materials on the growth and survival of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fry using two sub-experiments under a Completely Randomized Design. Sub-Experiment 1 involved fry reared with PVC pipes, netting debris, or no shelter for 45 days, while Sub-Experiment 2 examined larger juveniles reared for 30 days with two or three pieces of netting debris or no shelter. The results showed no significant differences in growth or survival rates in either experiment (p > 0.05). However, PVC pipes tended to promote better growth in early stages, while netting debris increased survival rates, especially in larger juveniles. These findings highlight the potential use of low-cost shelter materials to mitigate cannibalism and improve fish welfare in intensive rearing systems, although further studies are needed to optimize shelter design and placement.
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