Effects of cultivar and growing area on yield and selected starch properties of cassava
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of cassava varieties, planting locations, and their interactions on cassava yield and starch properties. Four cassava varieties, namely Huay Bong 60, Kasetsart 50, Rayong 3, and Piroon 1, were cultivated in four provinces of Thailand: Yasothon, Kalasin, Mukdahan, and Sakon Nakhon. The experiment was conducted from January 15 to December 25, 2024, using a 4 × 4 Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that cassava varieties and planting locations had significant effects on several yield and starch quality characteristics. Huay Bong 60 produced the highest number of roots per plant (16.33 roots/plant), the highest average starch content (26.5%), and the highest starch yield (1,955.6 kg/rai), whereas Piroon 1 showed the lowest yield and starch content. Regarding planting locations, Yasothon province produced the highest fresh root yield (7,100 kg/rai), while Sakon Nakhon province showed the highest starch content (25.0%). In addition, the interaction between cassava varieties and planting locations significantly affected yield and starch quality. Huay Bong 60 grown in Sakon Nakhon produced the highest number of roots and starch content (17 roots/plant and 27.5%, respectively). These findings indicate that cassava varieties respond differently to environmental conditions in different planting areas. In conclusion, selecting appropriate cassava varieties for suitable planting locations is an important factor in improving cassava yield and starch quality. Huay Bong 60 demonstrated the greatest potential for commercial production and starch-processing industries in Thailand.
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