Effects of Dried Azolla Meal as a Substitute for Soybean Meal in Diets of Labeo rohita
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This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dried Azolla (Azolla pinnata) as a replacement for soybean meal in the diets of rohu fish (Labeo rohita). The experiment consisted of four dietary treatments with three replicates per treatment. Experimental diets were formulated by replacing soybean meal protein with dried Azolla at levels of 0, 20, 40, and 60%, resulting in crude protein contents of 29.42, 29.37, 27.77, and 27.15%, respectively. Rohu juveniles with an average initial weight of 4.91 g were reared for 90 days in cages (2 × 2 × 1 m) at a stocking density of 100 fish per cage. At the end of the experiment, the average weight gain was 20.91 ± 3.76, 19.54 ± 2.69, 21.37 ± 2.74, and 21.95 ± 1.78 g for the 0, 20, 40, and 60% replacement groups, respectively. The average daily gain was 0.23 ± 0.06, 0.20 ± 0.02, 0.28 ± 0.07, and 0.25 ± 0.05 g day⁻¹, while the specific growth rate was 1.82 ± 0.25, 1.70 ± 0.13, 2.01 ± 0.27, and 1.90 ± 0.19% day⁻¹, respectively. Survival rates were 41.00 ± 3.06, 46.67 ± 2.51, 56.00 ± 19.67, and 47.33 ± 4.10%, respectively. Feed conversion ratios were 2.40 ± 0.37, 2.61 ± 0.25, 2.18 ± 0.34, and 2.29 ± 0.25, while feed efficiency values were 0.42 ± 0.06, 0.38 ± 0.03, 0.46 ± 0.07, and 0.43 ± 0.05, respectively. The protein efficiency ratio was 1.36 ± 0.19, 1.31 ± 0.13, 1.67 ± 0.26, and 1.66 ± 0.19, respectively No significant differences were observed among treatments for growth performance, feed utilization, or survival (p > 0.05). However, fish fed the diet containing 40% dried Azolla exhibited a tendency toward higher survival compared with the other treatments without any adverse effects on growth performance. The findings indicate that dried Azolla can be used as an alternative protein source to replace soybean meal in rohu diets at levels up to 40% without negatively affecting growth performance or feed utilization, despite having a lower dietary protein content than some of the other experimental diets.
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