Callus Induction of Curcuma longa L. and Effect of Precursor Addition on Curcuminoids Production

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the callus induction and cultivation of Curcuma
longa L. by using Rhizome bud as explants. The explants were cultivated on semi-solid B5
medium supplement with plant growth regulator auxin (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)
and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D)) alone, or in combination with cytokinin
(6-benzyladenine (BA) and N6-furfuryladenine (Kinetin)). The result showed that the
addition of the appropriate plant growth regulators can induce calli. The HPLC analysis of
the yellowish calli that were obtained from the medium supplement with 1 mg/L 2,4-D
and 1 mg/L BA exhibited curcuminoids accumulation. The production of curcuminoids in
calli can be improved by the supplementation of suitable precursors into the culture
medium. The culture medium supplement with 5 μM phenylalanine and 5 μM malonic
acid enhanced fresh weight of the calli and curcumioniods accumulation by 1.7 and 9.5
times higher than the control, respectively.