Cellular Respiration of Acetic Acid Bacteria: Oxidative Fermentation and Applications

Abstract

Acetic acid bacteria are aerobic bacteria, classified as the Acetobacteraceae family.
During oxidative fermentations, they can oxidize many organic compounds, such as
ethanol, sugars, sugar alcohols and organic acids. The main oxidative enzymes are alcohol
dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, alcohol-aldehyde dehydrogenase, gluconate
dehydrogenase and polyol-dehydrogenase. In oxidative fermentation applications,
the important products are acetic acid, dihydroxyacetone, L-sorbose, cellulose and
gluconic acid, and applications of the products are pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food
industry, agriculture, chemical industry and textile industry. Nowadays, there are many
researches and developments for improvement of acetic acid bacteria fermentations.
Researches are based on bacterial cellular respiration, substrate oxidation, and oxidative
enzymes. The development of oxidative fermentation can be applied in microbiology,
biotechnology, manufacturing processes and biochemical engineering.