Potential Applications of Colloidal Bacterial Cellulose Nanocrystal Suspensions for Mitigating Hazardous PM2.5 Pollution
Keywords:
Bacterial cellulose, Cellulose nanocrystals, PM2.5, Air pollutionAbstract
PM2.5 has brought about unprecedented challenges to the atmospheric environment, air quality, and human health. Practical strategies for controlling the PM2.5 pollution at the community level are crucial. In this research, colloidal cellulose nanocrystal suspensions are developed as a sprayable PM2.5 remover. Bacterial cellulose nanocrystals (BCNCs) are extracted from nata de coco by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy reveals that the extracted product possesses β-glycosidic linkage, C-O, C-H, and O-H stretching vibrations that are similar to those of starting bacterial cellulose pellicles. Transmission electron microscopy has revealed that BCNC particles possess a rod-like morphology. These particles are characterized by an average length of approximately 800 nm and an average diameter of about 53 nm. This observation underscores the detailed structural features of BCNC particles, which are critical for understanding their properties and potential applications. The average hydrodynamic diameter assessed using dynamic light scattering has been established within the range of 300–400 nm. The crystallinity of the BCNC particle is 69% as investigated by X-ray diffraction. The negative zeta potentials attributed to the sulfate half-ester groups of BCNCs are in the range from −50 to −55 mV. The colloidal BCNC suspensions are tested for their PM2.5 capture ability by an in-house apparatus and compared with the PM2.5 capture efficiency of water microdroplets. It was found that the colloidal BCNC suspensions are effective for removing PM2.5 with the PM2.5 removal efficiency of 77.8%. The PM2.5 removal efficiency of the colloidal BCNC suspensions is enhanced for at least 58% when compared to that of water microdroplets. The mechanism for PM2.5 capture by the colloidal BCNC suspensions is also proposed.
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