Optimization of nanocrystalline cellulose particle size using one-factor-at-a-time method under different acid hydrolysis parameters

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Published: Nov 16, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.69598/sehs.17.23030001
Keywords:
nanocrystalline cellulose one-factor-at-a-time acid hydrolysis carbonization

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Chu Yong Soon
Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Carine Shu Shien Lim
Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Yonchen Hariyanto
Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Rosnita Abdul Talib
Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Khalina Abdan
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia / Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Chen Wai Wong
Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Eric Wei Chiang Chan
Sustainable Coastal Cities Research Consortium, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Corresponding author's e-mail: chanwc@ucsiuniversity.edu.my

Abstract

This study explores the production of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) from corn cob (Zea mays), aiming to overcome the challenges of carbonization and reduced yield typically associated with the use of highly concentrated and corrosive sulfuric acid. A systematic approach was adopted employing one-factor-at-a-time analysis to optimize the hydrolysis process, focusing on three key parameters: sulfuric acid concentration, hydrolysis temperature, and duration. The determination of optimized conditions was based on the desired particle size of the NCC produced and the absence of carbonization. The produced NCC was thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to determine its chemical structure, X-ray diffraction for crystallinity, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for thermal properties. The results highlighted that the optimal conditions for NCC production involve a sulfuric acid concentration of 40 wt% at a temperature of 70 °C, with a hydrolysis duration of 150 min. These conditions yielded NCC with a uniform particle size of 225.07 nm, no signs of carbonization, and a significantly lower inorganic content at 6.73 w/w% after heating to 590 °C in the TGA. This study thereby offers valuable insights for producing NCC with reduced carbonization and increased yield.

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How to Cite
Soon, C. Y., Lim, C. S. S., Hariyanto, Y., Talib, R. A., Abdan, K., Wong, C. W., & Chan, E. W. C. (2023). Optimization of nanocrystalline cellulose particle size using one-factor-at-a-time method under different acid hydrolysis parameters. Science, Engineering and Health Studies, 17, 23030001. https://doi.org/10.69598/sehs.17.23030001
Issue
Volume 17, 2023
Section
Biological sciences
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Eric Wei Chiang Chan, Sustainable Coastal Cities Research Consortium, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Corresponding author's e-mail: chanwc@ucsiuniversity.edu.my

 

 

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