Antioxidant activity of gallic acid carbon-based nanomaterials
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a role in multiple physiological processes. In contrast, an excessive generation of ROS can harm various biological components, including proteins, lipids, and DNA, leading to accelerated aging, illness, and inflammatory disorders. Carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) are well-known nanomaterials widely developed for antioxidant activity because of their great biocompatibility, low toxicity, easy synthesis, unique physicochemical properties, and especially great ROS scavenging ability. The most general method to prepare CNMs is bottom-up synthesis because it is more environmentally friendly and economical than top-down methods. In this study, the antioxidant activity of CNMs was evaluated. A microwave-assisted pyrolysis method was applied at 200°C for 20 min to prepare gallic acid carbon-based nanomaterials (GACNMs) by using 2.5 mg/mL of gallic acid as a carbon source according to the previous research. The morphology, cytotoxicity on normal human fibroblast cell lines by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay, and antioxidant activity using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay were elucidated. The results revealed that the GACNMs were spherical, with a particle size of 104.43±0.43 nm, and their structure was in line with the previous study. The GACNMs exhibited higher antioxidant activity (50% scavenging capacity (SC50) of 0.99±0.07 μg/mL) than the gallic acid solution (SC50 of 1.25±0.03 μg/mL). The GACNMs were non-toxic to fibroblast cells. Therefore, the GACNMs could be a promising nanomaterial for skin antioxidants.
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