Factors Affecting to Types and Quantities of Solid Wastes from Tourism in Kaeng Krachan National Park

Abstract

Solid waste in nature-based tourist sites is increasing at an alarming pace. Its mismanagement can affect the health of the ecosystem and the quality of tourist experiences. This research studied the types, quantities and factors relating to the quantities of each type of solid waste in the Kaeng Krachan National Park (KKNP). The study was done between July and December 2018, covering both low and high tourist seasons, weekdays and holidays at three dumping sites in Bankrang
and Samyod ranger stations and the visitor center. Tourists were the most critical sources of solid waste. Waste collection was good but the separation process at Samyod and the food waste disposal process at all sites needs to be improved. At least 36 wildlife species searched for food at the dumping sites. The solid waste generated in KKNP was 38.10±8.15 kg/day with the majority of food waste (42.99%) and plastics (20.93%). Other types of solid wastes shared less
than 10% of the total weight. The rate of solid waste generation by tourists was 0.43±0.18 kg/ capita/day. Overall, the quantity of total solid waste, food wastes, and plastics were significantly different between weekdays-holidays (p<0.001), low-high tourist seasons (p<0.001) and tourist sites (p<0.001). Moreover, the number of overnignt and day tourists, significantly influenced the quantity of food waste, can, glass, tissue paper and total solid waste (p<0.001). However, only overnight tourists significantly affected the quantity of plastic bottles, paper and plastics (p<0.001). This finding provides crucial information that recommends the KKNP to devise a solid waste management plan based on different tourist seasons, day types and tourist sites. Effective solid waste management and campaigns for promoting separation and reduction of solid waste are worth investing over the long-term to help KKNP achieve the status of a Green National Park.