Distribution and Population of Eucalyptus Gall Wasp in Thailand
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Abstract
The distribution and population of eucalyptus gall wasps was studied at a eucalyptus plantation under the forest industry organization and private forest plantations in Thailand. Randomized sample plots were analyzed, during the months from July to December 2019, using geographic information system (GIS) and maximum entropy (MaxEnt) on secondary data obtained from government agencies, to generate a distribution map. Two species of eucalyptus gall wasps were identified as eucalyptus gall wasp (Leptocybe invasa) and a parasitoid of eucalyptus gall wasp (Quadrastichus mendeli). The average population density ratio between the eucalyptus gall wasp and parasitoid was 2,170:19,530 per square kilometer and the percent ratio of parasitoids was 1:9, respectively, with an average parasitoid frequency of 90.00%. The efficiency values, as determined by the area under curve (AUC) from the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) model, in the area of distribution of eucalyptus and parasitoid of eucalyptus gall wasp, was 0.98 and 0.97, respectively. Environmental factors related to the distribution of eucalyptus gall wasp and parasitoid of eucalyptus gall wasp were determined as the soil series and monthly average rainfall, respectively.
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ข้าพเจ้าและผู้เขียนร่วม (ถ้ามี) ขอรับรองว่า ต้นฉบับที่เสนอมานี้ยังไม่เคยได้รับการตีพิมพ์และไม่ได้อยู่ในระหว่างกระบวนการพิจารณาตีพิมพ์ลงในวารสารหรือสิ่งตีพิมพ์อื่นใด ข้าพเจ้าและผู้เขียนร่วม (ถ้ามี) ยอมรับหลักเกณฑ์และเงื่อนไขการพิจารณาต้นฉบับ ทั้งยินยอมให้กองบรรณาธิการมีสิทธิ์พิจารณาและตรวจแก้ต้นฉบับได้ตามที่เห็นสมควร พร้อมนี้ขอมอบลิขสิทธิ์ผลงานที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์ให้แก่วารสารวนศาสตร์ คณะวนศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์ กรณีมีการฟ้องร้องเรื่องการละเมิดลิขสิทธิ์เกี่ยวกับภาพ กราฟ ข้อความส่วนใดส่วนหนึ่ง หรือ ข้อคิดเห็นที่ปรากฏในผลงาน ให้เป็นความรับผิดชอบของข้าพเจ้าและผู้เขียนร่วม (ถ้ามี) แต่เพียงฝ่ายเดียว และหากข้าพเจ้าและผู้เขียนร่วม (ถ้ามี) ประสงค์ถอนบทความในระหว่างกระบวนการพิจารณาของทางวารสาร ข้าพเจ้าและผู้เขียนร่วม (ถ้ามี) ยินดีรับผิดชอบค่าใช้จ่ายทั้งหมดที่เกิดขึ้นในกระบวนการพิจารณาบทความนั้น”
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