การปรับปรุงพันธุ์เพื่อเพิ่มสารแอนโทไซยานินในเมล็ดข้าวโพดหวานลูกผสม
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Abstract
The shrunken-2 (sh2sh2), purple (Pr1Pr1) and color (C1C1) genes of corn are located on chromosomes 3, 5 and 9, respectively. If these three genes are combined into a plant and the expression of them is positive, reflecting an increase in anthocyanin in the kernel of sweet corn, it would be more beneficial for consumer health. The objective of this study was to integrate the purple from purple opaque-2 waxy corn into sweet corn. The purple waxy corn was crossed with sweet corn inbred lines to obtain F1 hybrids. In the segregation of S2 progenies, only the purple or red wrinkled kernels were selected and planted to obtain the fixed shrunken-2 gene in S3 lines. Only purple lines were advanced to the next generations by self-pollination until the S6 lines. Eight single cross hybrids were produced using topcross design of 8 female x 1 male parents. From yield trail of hybrids, the results showed that tested hybrids had high total sugar (182-460 mg/g), non-reducing sugar (174-451 mg/g), and total anthocyanin content (131-141 mg/100g) in the kernels. All hybrids had a purple kernel with good flavor. In addition, the anthocyanin in the tested hybrids was higher than that of the purple check (71 mg/100g) and the yellow check (5 mg/100g). The crosses of Ag-PS3 x Ag-PS9 and Ag-PS7 x Ag-PS9 had the same fresh ear weight, total sugar, and non-reducing sugar as check varieties, Insee 2 and PAC12081A. In summary, the combination of two grain quality traits, purple aleurone layer (Pr1Pr1C1C1) and sweetness (sh2sh2), referred to the purple sweet corn was fully achieved by inbred lines and their F1 hybrids improving the food value of this specialty corn.
Article Details
บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของคณะวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์ ข้อความที่ปรากฏในแต่ละเรื่องของวารสารเล่มนี้เป็นเพียงความเห็นส่วนตัวของผู้เขียน ไม่มีความเกี่ยวข้องกับคณะวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี หรือคณาจารย์ท่านอื่นในมหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์ ผู้เขียนต้องยืนยันว่าความรับผิดชอบต่อทุกข้อความที่นำเสนอไว้ในบทความของตน หากมีข้อผิดพลาดหรือความไม่ถูกต้องใด ๆ
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