In vivo Study of Cadmium and Lead Accumulations in the Root, Stem and Leaf of Riceberry (Oryza sativa L.)
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The objective of this research was to study the contamination of cadmium and lead in soil, and their accumulations in root, stem and leaf of Riceberry (Oryza sativa L.) after 3 months experiment at different concentrations of cadmium (0, 40, 50 and 60 mg/L) and lead (0, 400, 500 and 600 mg/L). Cadmium and lead concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results showed that cadmium and lead concentrations in soil after the experiment were within Thailand’s soil quality standard. Cadmium accumulations in root of the control (0 mg/L) and the experimental groups (40, 50 and 60 mg/L) were 3.54±3.03, 20.90±0.70, 37.06±0.86, and 45.73±0.45 mg/kg, respectively, whereas those in stem and leaf were 1.04±0.47, 7.88±0.47, 8.70±0.36 and 9.14±0.06, and 0.25±0.09, 1.32±0.41, 1.70±0.13, and 1.15±0.02 mg/kg, respectively. The control and the experimental groups were found that cadmium concentrations in root > stem > leaf. Lead accumulations in root of the control (0 mg/L) and the experimental groups (400, 500 and 600 mg/L) were 18.90±0.24, 233.77±0.84, 267.95±0.27, and 286.03±1.33 mg/kg, respectively, whereas those in stem and leaf were 29±0.60, 5.07±0.36, 5.29±0.56 and 5.58±0.40, and 7.84±1.21, 12.80±0.35, 9.71±0.16, and 12.18±0.19 mg/kg, respectively. The control and the experimental groups were found that lead concentration in root > leaf > stem. When comparing cadmium and lead concentrations with standard values, both concentrations in all parts of Riceberry exceeded the standards (0.5 and 0.3 mg/kg), except cadmium concentrations in leaf of the control group. The results of this study suggested that Riceberry cultivation in contaminated areas can accumulate cadmium and lead in each part of rice, depending on types of heavy metals. Riceberry cultivation should be avoided planting in polluted area.
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