สภาวะที่เหมาะสมในการผลิตกรดอะซิติกโดยใช้กากตะกอนจากหลายแหล่งเพื่อใช้ในระบบกำจัดฟอสฟอรัสทางชีวภาพ
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Published:
Jan 5, 2020
Keywords:
acetic acid fermentation waste activated sludge retention time
Main Article Content
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate the optimum conditions to produce acetic acid from various excess sludge as carbon sources for biological phosphorus removal processes. Five substrates were used to produce acetic acid which were waste from conventional activated sludge (CAS), waste from Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR), swine manure (SM), waste from biogas systems (raw sludge, RS) and waste from fermented biogas production system after 10 days of fermentation (fermentation sludge, FS). The fermentation was carried in batch fermenter with ten substrates series; series 1-2 using WAS from CAS, series (3-6) using WAS from EBPR, series 7 using pig manure and the rest of the series using excess sludge from biological gas production. RS and FS series were combined with acid fermentation (AF) in three different ratios; FS : AF (1 : 1), RS : AF (4 : 1) and RS : AF (1 : 4) in series 8, 9 and 10, respectively. Further investigation regarding the influence of carbon sources, temperature, pretreatment and the proportion of excess sludge (FS and AF) and acid fermentation (AF) was also conducted. The results showed that the highest concentration of acetic acid was 1,406 mg COD/L in the reactor containing FS : AF 1 : 1 (series 8) after 96 hours and control conditions at 35 °C whereas similar combinations in reactor 9 and 10 produced the acetic acid of 1,018 and 792 mg/L, respectively. The paired t-test of series 8-10 showed significant difference (p < 0.05) for FS in series 8 and RS in series 9-10. The composition in experimental series 8 can be used to produce acetic acid as a carbon source for the biological phosphorus in the removal system since it has a potential to reduce the cost of additional acetic acid.
Article Details
Section
Biological Sciences
References
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[25] Hyun, U.C., Young, M.K., Yun, N.C., Hye, G.K. and Jong, M.P., 2015, Influence of temperature on volatile fatty acid production and microbial community structure during anaerobic fermentation of microalgae, Bioresour. Technol. 191: 475-480.
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[27] Maite, E.G., Reda, A.S., Irini, A., Basma, O., Per, V.S., Dimitar, B.K. and Yifeng, Z., 2017, High efficient ethanol and VFA production from gas fermentation: Effect of acetate, gas and inoculum microbial composition, Biomass Bioenergy 105: 32-40.
[28] Cristina, C., Cinzia, D.R., Paolo, P. and David, B., 2017, Influence of temperature and hydraulic retention on the production of volatile fatty acids during anaerobic fermentation of cow manure and maize silage, Bioresour. Technol. 223: 59-64.
[29] Jiabing, L., Yifang, Z., Wenwei, L., Yulan, W., Yuyi, Z., Changqing, L. and Youcai, Z., 2016, Effect of methanogenesis of residue from thermal pre-treatment sludge by anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production, Proc. Environ. Sci. 31: 318-324.
[30] Weiwei, H., Wenli, H., Tian, Y., Ziwen, Z., Wei, C., Zhenya, Z., Zhongfang, L. and Chuanping, F., 2016, Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from swine manure through short-term dry anaerobic digestion and its separation from nitrogen and phosphorus resources in the digestate, Water Res. 90: 344-353.
[31] Infantes, D., González del Campo, A., Villaseñor, J. and Fernandez, F.J., 2011, Influence of pH, temperature and volatile fatty acids on hydrogen production by acidogenic fermentation, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 36: 15595-15601.
[32] Boontian, N., Yingchon, U., Pyae, H.A. and Piasai, C., 2015, Enhance sludge fermenta tion by zero valen iron under anaerobic conditions: A review, pp. 67-75, 27th Environmental Technology Conference, Environmental Engineering Association of Thailand, Bangkok.
[33] Rungnapha, K., Karel, J.K., Huub, R. and Hardy, T., 2015, Volatile fatty acids production from sewage organic matter by combined bioflocculation and anaerobic fermentation, Bioresour. Technol. 193: 150-155.
[34] Ruyi, W., Yongmei, L., Wenling, C., Jinte, Z. and Yinguang, C., 2016, phosphate release involving PAOs activity during anaerobic fermentation of EBPR sludge and the extension of ADM1, Chem. Eng. J. 287: 436-447.
[35] Zhu, Y.F., Liu, H.B., Liu, H., Huang, S., Ma, H.J. and Tian, Y., 2015, Filtration characteristics of anaerobic fermented sewage sludge for fatty acids production, Sep. Purif. Technol. 142: 8-13.
[36] Yue, Y., Shuying, W., Ye, L., Baikun, L., Bo, W. and Yongzhen, P., 2015, Long-term effect of pH on short-chain fatty acids accumulation and microbial community in sludge fermentation systems, Bioresour. Technol. 197: 56-63.
[37] Ehsan, R., Bart, Z., Sascha, R.A.K. and Boelo, S., 2016, Extraction of volatile fatty acids from fermented wastewater, Sep. Purif. Technol. 161: 61-68.
[38] Yingchon, U., Boontian, N., Piasai, C. and Pyae, H.A., 2018, Optimization of cassava decanter cake biogas production, Eng. J. Res. Develop. 29: 53-63.
[39] Adrian, O., Paulo, C.L., Gilda, C., Zhiguo, Y., Jürg, K., Linda, L.B. and Maria, A.M.R., 2007, Advances in enhanced biological phosphorus removal: From micro to macro scale, Water Res. 41: 2271-2300.
[40] Ana, S., Pantelis, K., Sarah, M., Elizabeth, W., Jon, B., Martin, T., Simon, A.P. and Elise, C. 2010, Comparison between disintegrated and fermented sewage sludge for production of a carbon source suitable for biological nutrient removal, J. Hazard Mater. 175: 733-739.
[41] Guojing, Y., Dongbo, W., Qi, Y., Jianwei, Z., Yiwen, L., Qilin, W., Guangming, Z., Xiaoming, L. and Hailong, L., 2018, Effect of acetate to glycerol ratio on enhanced biological phosphorus removal, Chemo sphere 196: 78-86.
[42] Piasai, C., Boontian, N., Yingchon, U. and Pyae, H.A., 2017, Effect of acetate as a sole carbon source for enhance biological phosphorus removal, Renewable Energy Sources, Research and Business (RESRB) Conference, Wrocław.
[43] Yongqing, G., Yongzhen, P., Jingyu, Z., Shuying, W., Jianhua, G., Liu, Y., 2011, Biological sludge reduction and enhanced nutrient removal in a pilot-scale system with 2-step sludge alkaline fermentation and A2O process, Bioresour. Technol. 102: 4091-4097.
[44] Satoh, H., Ramey, W.D., Koch, F.A., Oldham, W.K., Mino, T. and Matsuo, T., 1996, Anaerobic substrate uptake by the enhanced biological phosphorus removal activated sludge treating real sewage, Water. Sci. Technol. 34: 8-15.
[45] Rustrian, E., Delgenes, J.P. and Moletta, R., 1996, Effect of the volatile fatty acids on phosphate uptake parameters by pure cultures of Acinetobacter sp., Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 23: 245-248.
[2] Puig S., Coma, M., Monclus, H., van Loosdrecht, M.C.M., Colprim, J. and Balaguer, M.D., 2008, Selection between alcohols and volatile fatty acids as external carbon sources for EBPR, Water Res. 42: 557-566.
[3] Javier, G., Carlota, T., Albert, G. and Juan, A.B., 2012, Glycerol as a sole carbon source for enhanced biological, Water Res. 46: 2983-2991.
[4] Pijuan, M., Saunders, A.M., Guisasola, A., Baeza, J.A., Casas, C. and Blackall, L.L., 2004, Enhanced biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor using propionate as the sole carbon source, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 85: 56-67.
[5] Piasai, C., Boontian, N., Yingchon, U. and Pyae, H.A., 2017, Efficiency enhancement of biological phosphorus removal with difference carbon sources, Eng. J. Res. Develop. 28: 41-52.
[6] Xiangfeng, H., Changming, S., Jia, L. and Lijun, L., 2015, Improved volatile fatty acid production during waste activated sludge anaerobic fermentation by different bio-surfactants, Chem. Eng. J. 264: 280-290.
[7] Hongbo, L., Hang, X., Bo, Y., Yepin, Z., He, L., Bo, F. and Huijun, M, 2016, Enhanced volatile fatty acid production by a modified biological pretreatment in anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge, Chem. Eng. J. 284: 194-201.
[8] Huijun, M., Xingchun, C., He, L., Hongbo, L. and Bo, F., 2016, Improved volatile fatty acids anaerobic production from waste activated sludge by pH regulation: Alkaline or neutral pH?, Waste Manage. (Oxford) 48: 397-403.
[9] Talat, M. and Allan, E., 2006, A review of secondary sludge reduction technologies for the pulp and paper industry, Water Res. 40: 2093-2112.
[10] Lise, A., Jan, B., Jan, D. and Raf, D., 2008, Principles and potential of the anaerobic digestion of waste-activated sludge, Prog. Energy. Combust. Sci. 34: 755-781.
[11] Jiuxiao, H. and Hui, W., 2015, Volatile fatty acids productions by mesophilic and thermophilic sludge fermentation: Biological responses to fermentation temperature, Bioresour. Technol. 175: 367-373.
[12] Danielle, B., 2001, Enhanced Biological phosphorus Removal Modelling and Experimental Design, JABS. Ghent University, Belgium, 291 p.
[13] Adrian, O., Aaron, M.S.M., Teresa, V., Zhiguo, Y. and Jurg, K., 2006, Competition between polyphosphate and glycogen accumulating organisms in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems with acetate and propionate as carbon sources, J. Biotechnol. 123: 22-32.
[14] Leitao, R.C., Haandel, A.C., Zeeman, G. and Lettinga, G., 2006, The effects of operationaland environmental variations on anaerobic wastewater treatment systems: A review, Bioresour. Technol. 97: 1105-1118.
[15] Rademacher, A., Nolte, C., Schonberg, M. and Klocke, M., 2012, Temperature increases from 55 to 75 ºC in a two-phase biogas reactor result in fundamental alterations within the bacterial and archaeal community structure, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 96: 565-576.
[16] Zhang-Wei, H., Chun-Xue, Y., Ling, W., Ze-Chong, G., Ai-Jie, W. and Wen-Zong, L., 2016, Feasibility of short-term fermentation for short-chain fatty acids production from waste activated sludge at initial pH10: Role and significance of rhamnolipid, Chem. Eng. J. 290: 125-135.
[17] Xiong, Z., Weinan, Z., Rui, W., Jingyang, L., Yinglong, S., Haining, H. and Yinguang, C., 2018, Increasing municipal wastewater BNR by using the preferred carbon source derived from kitchen wastewater to enhance phosphorus uptake and short-cut nitrification-denitrification, Chem. Eng. J. 344: 556-564.
[18] Jingang, H., Rongbing, Z., Jianjun, C., Wei, H., Yi, C., Yue, W. and Junhong, T., 2016, Volatile fatty acids produced by co-fermentation of waste activated sludge and henna plant biomass, Bioresour. Technol. 211: 80-86.
[19] Boontian, N., Pyae, H.A., Yingchon, U. and Piasai, C, 2015, Biogas production from cassava pulp: Review of current condition and future perspective, pp. 11-17, 27th Environmental Technology Conference, Environmental Engineering Association of Thailand, Bangkok.
[20] Bermúdez-Penabad, N., Kennes. C., and Veiga, M.C., 2017, Anaerobic digestion of tuna waste for the production of volatile fatty acids, Waste Manage. (Oxford) 68: 96-102.
[21] APHA, AWWA and WEF, 2012, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22th Ed., Washington D.C., 1496 p.
[22] Racho, P. and Wichitsathian, B., 2012, Enhancement of anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) by alkaline recirculation, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 102 p.
[23] Yun, C., Xie, J., Keke, X., Nan, S., Raymond, J.Z. and Yan, Z., 2017, Enhanced volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production in a thermophilic fermenter with stepwise pH increase Investigation on dissolved organic matter transformation and microbial community shift, Water Res. 112: 261-268.
[24] Huilei, X., Jinluan, C., Hui, W. and Hanchang, S., 2012, Influences of volatile solid concentration, temperature and solid retention time for the hydrolysis of waste activated sludge to recover volatile fatty acids, Bioresour. Technol. 119: 285-292.
[25] Hyun, U.C., Young, M.K., Yun, N.C., Hye, G.K. and Jong, M.P., 2015, Influence of temperature on volatile fatty acid production and microbial community structure during anaerobic fermentation of microalgae, Bioresour. Technol. 191: 475-480.
[26] Huibin, C. and Sheng, C., 2017, Impact of temperatures on microbial community structures of sewage sludge biological hydrolysis, Bioresour. Technol. 245: 502-510.
[27] Maite, E.G., Reda, A.S., Irini, A., Basma, O., Per, V.S., Dimitar, B.K. and Yifeng, Z., 2017, High efficient ethanol and VFA production from gas fermentation: Effect of acetate, gas and inoculum microbial composition, Biomass Bioenergy 105: 32-40.
[28] Cristina, C., Cinzia, D.R., Paolo, P. and David, B., 2017, Influence of temperature and hydraulic retention on the production of volatile fatty acids during anaerobic fermentation of cow manure and maize silage, Bioresour. Technol. 223: 59-64.
[29] Jiabing, L., Yifang, Z., Wenwei, L., Yulan, W., Yuyi, Z., Changqing, L. and Youcai, Z., 2016, Effect of methanogenesis of residue from thermal pre-treatment sludge by anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production, Proc. Environ. Sci. 31: 318-324.
[30] Weiwei, H., Wenli, H., Tian, Y., Ziwen, Z., Wei, C., Zhenya, Z., Zhongfang, L. and Chuanping, F., 2016, Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from swine manure through short-term dry anaerobic digestion and its separation from nitrogen and phosphorus resources in the digestate, Water Res. 90: 344-353.
[31] Infantes, D., González del Campo, A., Villaseñor, J. and Fernandez, F.J., 2011, Influence of pH, temperature and volatile fatty acids on hydrogen production by acidogenic fermentation, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 36: 15595-15601.
[32] Boontian, N., Yingchon, U., Pyae, H.A. and Piasai, C., 2015, Enhance sludge fermenta tion by zero valen iron under anaerobic conditions: A review, pp. 67-75, 27th Environmental Technology Conference, Environmental Engineering Association of Thailand, Bangkok.
[33] Rungnapha, K., Karel, J.K., Huub, R. and Hardy, T., 2015, Volatile fatty acids production from sewage organic matter by combined bioflocculation and anaerobic fermentation, Bioresour. Technol. 193: 150-155.
[34] Ruyi, W., Yongmei, L., Wenling, C., Jinte, Z. and Yinguang, C., 2016, phosphate release involving PAOs activity during anaerobic fermentation of EBPR sludge and the extension of ADM1, Chem. Eng. J. 287: 436-447.
[35] Zhu, Y.F., Liu, H.B., Liu, H., Huang, S., Ma, H.J. and Tian, Y., 2015, Filtration characteristics of anaerobic fermented sewage sludge for fatty acids production, Sep. Purif. Technol. 142: 8-13.
[36] Yue, Y., Shuying, W., Ye, L., Baikun, L., Bo, W. and Yongzhen, P., 2015, Long-term effect of pH on short-chain fatty acids accumulation and microbial community in sludge fermentation systems, Bioresour. Technol. 197: 56-63.
[37] Ehsan, R., Bart, Z., Sascha, R.A.K. and Boelo, S., 2016, Extraction of volatile fatty acids from fermented wastewater, Sep. Purif. Technol. 161: 61-68.
[38] Yingchon, U., Boontian, N., Piasai, C. and Pyae, H.A., 2018, Optimization of cassava decanter cake biogas production, Eng. J. Res. Develop. 29: 53-63.
[39] Adrian, O., Paulo, C.L., Gilda, C., Zhiguo, Y., Jürg, K., Linda, L.B. and Maria, A.M.R., 2007, Advances in enhanced biological phosphorus removal: From micro to macro scale, Water Res. 41: 2271-2300.
[40] Ana, S., Pantelis, K., Sarah, M., Elizabeth, W., Jon, B., Martin, T., Simon, A.P. and Elise, C. 2010, Comparison between disintegrated and fermented sewage sludge for production of a carbon source suitable for biological nutrient removal, J. Hazard Mater. 175: 733-739.
[41] Guojing, Y., Dongbo, W., Qi, Y., Jianwei, Z., Yiwen, L., Qilin, W., Guangming, Z., Xiaoming, L. and Hailong, L., 2018, Effect of acetate to glycerol ratio on enhanced biological phosphorus removal, Chemo sphere 196: 78-86.
[42] Piasai, C., Boontian, N., Yingchon, U. and Pyae, H.A., 2017, Effect of acetate as a sole carbon source for enhance biological phosphorus removal, Renewable Energy Sources, Research and Business (RESRB) Conference, Wrocław.
[43] Yongqing, G., Yongzhen, P., Jingyu, Z., Shuying, W., Jianhua, G., Liu, Y., 2011, Biological sludge reduction and enhanced nutrient removal in a pilot-scale system with 2-step sludge alkaline fermentation and A2O process, Bioresour. Technol. 102: 4091-4097.
[44] Satoh, H., Ramey, W.D., Koch, F.A., Oldham, W.K., Mino, T. and Matsuo, T., 1996, Anaerobic substrate uptake by the enhanced biological phosphorus removal activated sludge treating real sewage, Water. Sci. Technol. 34: 8-15.
[45] Rustrian, E., Delgenes, J.P. and Moletta, R., 1996, Effect of the volatile fatty acids on phosphate uptake parameters by pure cultures of Acinetobacter sp., Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 23: 245-248.