การปนเปื้อนและการบำบัดด้วยวิธีทางชีวภาพของอาทราซีน
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อาทราซีนเป็นสารกำจัดวัชพืชที่ยังมีการใช้งานทางการเกษตรในหลายประเทศทั่วโลก และยังเกิดปัญหาการปนเปื้อนทั้งในดินและน้ำในพื้นที่เกษตรกรรม อาทราซีนเป็นสารเคมีที่ถูกย่อยสลายด้วยแบคทีเรียได้และมีแบคทีเรียที่ใช้อาทราซีนเป็นแหล่งไนโตรเจนเพียงแหล่งเดียวเพื่อการเจริญได้ วิถีการย่อยสลายอาทราซีนโดยแบคทีเรียแบ่งเป็น 2 ระยะ ระยะแรกคือปฏิกิริยาการเปลี่ยนอาทราซีนไปเป็นกรดไซยานูริก (Cyanuric acid) และระยะที่สองคือการย่อยสลายกรดไซยานูริกอย่างสมบูรณ์ ในขณะที่พืชสามารถหลั่งเอนไซม์จากรากเพื่อเปลี่ยนแปลงโครงสร้างของอาทราซีน รวมทั้งสารที่หลั่งจากรากพืชสามารถกระตุ้นการทำงานของจุลินทรีย์ในดินเพื่อเพิ่มการย่อยสลายอาทราซีนได้ นอกจากนี้พืชน้ำยังสามารถดูดซึมและเปลี่ยนรูปอาทราซีนภายในเนื้อเยื่อพืชได้ จากคุณสมบัตินี้จึงนำไปสู่การพัฒนาการบำบัดอาทราซีนที่ปนเปื้อนในสิ่งแวดล้อมโดยวิธีทางชีวภาพ ได้แก่ การบำบัดด้วยจุลินทรีย์และการบำบัดด้วยพืช ในบทความนี้จะอธิบายถึงปัญหาการปนเปื้อนอาทราซีนในพื้นที่เกษตรกรรม กลไกการบำบัด อาทราซีนของแบคทีเรีย รา และพืช และการนำไปประยุกต์ใช้ในการฟื้นฟูดินและน้ำที่ปนเปื้อนอาทราซีนด้วยวิธีทางชีวภาพ
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