The Effect of LED Lighting on Growth and Fruit Quality of Melon (Cucumis Melo L.) Grown in Plastic House
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Controlled cropping of orange-fleshed melon cv. Amy KT 22 in plastic houses with white light emitting diodes (LED) lighting was conducted to study the effect of white light LED lighting time on the growth and fruit quality of melons. Three treatments were tested: natural daylight (NDL, control), NDL plus 6 h LED (6:00 pm to 12:00 pm), and NDL plus 12 h LED (from 6:00 pm to 6:00 am). LED supplemental lighting was applied daily. The results showed that melon growth measured as plant height remarkably increased with LED lighting. The 6 h duration was sufficient as the longer duration of 12 h had no corresponding significant effect. This was obtained starting after 3 weeks from transplanting (WFT) and weekly thereafter up to the end of the observation period (8 WFT). Leaf chlorophyll content was significantly higher in plants receiving 12 h LED lighting than that of the control but only after 7-8 WFT. In terms of fruit attributes, only peel thickness was significantly affected, with the 6-12 h LED lighting resulting in a thicker peel than the control. LED lighting did not significantly improve fruit weight, size, flesh thickness, color (L*, a*, and b*), firmness, juice pH, total soluble solids (TSS), and titratable acidity (TA) relative to the control. Additional white LED lighting for 6 and 12 hours significantly affected melon growth. However, in terms of the fruit quality, adding LED lighting gave no different results than growing only under natural light. Thus, the use of LED lighting to increase the efficiency of melon fruit production may not be necessary. It might be adapted to plants where leaves and stems are commonly consumed.
Article Details
References
IPGRI., 2003, Descriptors for melon (Cucumis melo L.), International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy, 64 p.
Rashid, U., Rehman, H.A., Hussain, I., Ibrahim, M. and Haider, M.S., 2011, Muskmelon (Cucumis melo) seed oil: A potential non-food oil source for biodiesel production, Energy. 36: 5632–5639.
Fundo, J.F., Miller, F.A., Garcia, E., Santos, J.R., Silva, C.L.M. and Brandão, T.R.S., 2017, Physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in juice, pulp, peel and seeds of Cantaloupe melon, J. Food Meas. 12: 292–300.
Ismail, H.I., Chan, K.W., Mariod. and Ismail, M., 2010, Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of cantaloupe (cucumis melo) methanolic A.A extracts, Food Chem. 119: 643–647.
Maietti, A., Tedeschi, P., Stagno, C., Bordiga, M., Travaglia, F., Locatelli, M., Arlorio, M. and Brandolini, V., 2012, Analytical traceability of melon (Cucumis Melo Var Reticulatus): proximate composition, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in relation to cultivar, plant physiology state and seasonal variability, J. Sci Food Agric. 77: 646–652.
Mallek-Ayadi, S., Bahloul, N. and Kechaou, N., 2017, Characterization, phenolic compounds and functional properties of Cucumis melo L. peels, Food Chem. 221: 1691–1697.
Sies, H., Stahl, W.H. and Stahl, W., 1995, Vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids as antioxidants, NIH. 62: 1315-1321.
Rodríguez-Pérez, C., Quirantes-Piné, R., Fernández-Gutiérrez, A. and Segura-Carretero, A., 2013, Comparative characterization of phenolic and other polar compounds in Spanish melon cultivars by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry, Food Res Int. 54(2): 1519–1527.
Parle, M. and Singh, K., 2011, Musk melon is Eat-Must melon, IRJP. 2: 52–57.
Vella, F.M., Cautela, D. and Laratta, B., 2019, Characterization of polyphenolic compounds in cantaloupe melon by-products, Foods. 8: 196.
Retrieved from the Nation (Thailand), 2022, Rice farmer’s switch to melon farming bears fruit, Available Source: https://www.nationthailand.com/business/30280 808, Dec 19, 2022.
Gacomelli, G. 1998, Components of Radiation: Definition of Units, Measuring Radiation Transmission, Sensors, Greenhouse Glazing and Solar Radiation Transmission Workshop, CCEA. Center for Controlled Environment Agriculture, Rutgers University, Cook College, AZ, 85721, USA., 1-19pp.
Bourget, C.M., 2008, An introduction to light-emitting diodes, Hort Sci. 43(7): 1944-1946.
Singh, D., Basu, C., Meinhardt-Wollweber, M. and Roth, B., 2015, LEDs for energy efficient greenhouse lighting, Renew. Sust. Energ. 49: 139-147.
Kozai, T., Niu, G. and Takagaki, M., 2016, Plant Factory: An Indoor Vertical Farming System for Efficient Quality Food Production, Plant factory as a resource-efficient closed plant production system, Academic Press., London, United Kingdom, 69–90pp.
Arnason, J.T., Mata, R. and Romeo, J.T., 1995, Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants, Plenum publish, New York, U.S.A., 209 p.
Onsri, K., Chanchula, N. and Ladawan, J., 2020, Effect of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) on Growth of Four Different Lettuce Varieties, TJST, 9(4), 529-538. (in Thai)
Chabrand, S.V., Matthews, J.S.A., Simkin, A.J., Raines, C.A. and Lawson, T., 2017, Importance of fluctuations in light on plant photosynthetic acclimation, Plant Physiol. 173(4): 2163–2179.
Gommers, C.M.M., 2020, Adapting to high light: at a different time and place, Plant Physiol. 182: 10–11.
Cui, X.H., Guo, X.O., Sun, T.Y. and Qi, H.Y., 2017, Effects of LED supplementary lighting on seedling growth and fruit quality of oriental melon, Plant Physiol. 53: 657–667.
Hidaka, K., Dan, K., Imamura, H., Mitoshi, Y., Takayama, T., Samechima, K. and Okimura, M., 2013, Effect of supplemental lighting from different light sources on growth and yield of strawberry, ECB. 51: 41–47.
Fanwoua, J., Vercambre, G., Buck-Sorlin, G., Dieleman, J.A., Visser, P. and Génard, M., 2019, Supplemental LED lighting affects the dynamics of tomato fruit growth and composition, Sci Hortic. 256: 108-571.
Fan, Y., Chen, J., Cheng, Y., Raza, M.A., Wu, X., Wang, Z. and Yang, F., 2018, Effect of shading and light recovery on the growth, leaf structure and photosynthetic performance of soybean in a maize-soybean relay-strip intercropping system, PLOS ONE. 13.
Feng, L., Raza, M.A., Li, Z., Chen, Y., Khalid, M.H.B., Du, J., Liu, W., Wu, X., Song, C., Yu, L., Zhang, Z., Yuan, S., Yang, W. and Yang, F., 2019, The influence of light intensity and leaf movement on photosynthesis characteristics and carbon balance of soybean, Plant Sci. 9: 19-52.
Kramchote, S. and Glahan, S., 2020, Effects of LED supplement lighting and NPK fertilization on fruit quality of melon (Cucumis melo L.) grown in plastic house, J. Hortic. Res. 28: 111-122.
He, J. and Qin, L., 2020, Growth and photosynthetic characteristics of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves grown under natural sunlight with supplemental LED lighting in a tropical greenhouse, J. Plant Physiol. 153-239.
Lu, N., Maruo, T., Johkan, M., Hohjo, M., Tsukagoshi, S., Ito, Y., Ichimura, T. and Shinohara, Y., 2012, Effects of supplemental lighting with light-emitting diodes (ledS) on tomato yield and quality of single-truss tomato plants grown at high planting density, ECB. 50: 63-74.
Dong, C., Fu, Y., Liu, G. and Liu, H., 2014, Growth, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant capacity and biomass yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to LED light sources with different spectra combinations, J. Agron Crop Sci. 200: 219–230.
Piovene, C., Orsini, F., Bosi, S., Sanoubar, R., Bregola, V., Dinelli, G. and Gianquinto, G., 2015, Optimal red:blue ratio in led lighting for nutraceutical indoor horticulture, Sci.Hortic. 193: 202–208.
Choi, H.G., Moon, B.Y. and Kang, N.J., 2016, Correlation between strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) productivity and photosynthesis-related parameters under various growth conditions, Front. Plant Sci. 7: 13.
Kong, Y. and Zheng, Y., 2019, Response of growth, yield, and quality of edible-podded snow peas to supplemental LED lighting during winter greenhouse production, J. Plant Sci. 99: 676–687.
Lin, K.H., Huang, M.Y., Huang, W.D., Hsu, M.H., Yang, Z.W. and Yang, C.M., 2013, The effects of red, blue, and white light-emitting diodes on the growth, development, and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata), Sci.Hortic. 150: 86–91.
Xie, B., Song, S., Liu, H., Sun, G. and Chen, R., 2016, Effects of light quality on the quality formation of tomato fruits, Adv Biol Sci Res. 3: 11–15.
Hasan, M.M., Bashir, T., Ghosh, R., Lee, S.K. and Bae, H., 2017, An overview of LEDs effects on the production of bioactive compounds and crop quality, Molecules. 22: 1-12.
Castellanos, M.T., Cabello, M.J., Cartagena, M.C., Tarquis, A.M., Arce, A. and Ribas, F., 2011, Growth dynamics and yield of melon as influenced by nitrogen fertilizer, Sci. Agric. 68: 191-199.
Whitehead, J., P.L. light systems Expert Articles: Full spectrum versus red/blue spectrum LEDs., Available Source: https://pllight.com/full-spectrum-vs-red-blue-leds/, Sep 1, 2020.