Domoic Acid in Stranded Marine Mammals in Thai Waters
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Abstract
The purpose of this research was to study the contamination of biotoxin domoic acid (DA) in stranded marine mammals in Thai waters between June 2019 and December 2021. DA was found in 34.8% (16/46) of marine mammals with concentrations ranging from non-detectable level to 37.29 µg/g. Notably, dugongs exhibited the highest DA contamination rate (53.8%), followed by whales (40%) and dolphins (25%). During the dry season, the percentage of DA contamination in marine mammals was higher than rainy season. Specifically, dugongs displayed the highest average DA concentration in muscle (7.79±16.50 µg/g), while dolphins exhibited that in the stomach contents (0.44±0.87 µg/g). Among whales, the highest average DA concentration was discovered in the brain (0.94±1.33 µg/g). Moreover, in this study, the DA contamination had been reported for the first time in three species of marine mammals, namely Stenella longirostris, Pseudorca crassidens, and Balaenoptera omurai. The results obtained from this study are useful for monitoring DA contamination on marine mammals which are marine endangered species at high risk of extinction.
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