Development of Active Packaging from PVA-Cellulose-Biosynthesized AgNPs Composites
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Abstract
This work aims to study and develop active packaging for the inhibition of Aspergillus ochraceus. Composite films were prepared using poly (vinyl alcohol) and cellulose extracted from oil palm fronds (PVA-C). FTIR and XRD results indicated that bleaching process, as well as the removal of lignin and hemicellulose from oil palm fronds, can be achieved in a single step using a mixed solution of H2O2 and NaOH. The effects of cellulose content on the physical properties and degradation behavior, assessed via soil burial, were investigated. It was found that the PVA-C composite film containing 5% w/w cellulose exhibited the best properties, including good cellulose dispersion, a water vapor permeability (WVP) of 14.04±3.09 g.m x 10-4/m2.hour.mmHg, a moisture content of 26.29% (±0.83), and complete degradation within 2 days. Cellulose aggregation was observed when cellulose content exceeded 5% w/w. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized through a biosynthesis process using Garcinia cowa extracted solution at pH 7 and a reaction time of 2 h. The obtained AgNPs are spherical, with an average particle size of 25.9±5.6 nm. The antifungal properties of the composite film were evaluated base on varying AgNPs concentrations. It was found that the PVA-C5-Ag composite film exhibited strong antifungal activity against Aspergillus ochraceus. Therefore, the PVA-C5-Ag composite film demonstrated high potential as a biodegradable active packaging material for dried food in future applications.
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