In vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Wound Healing Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Wound Healing Oil Remedy
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Abstract
This study investigated the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as the chemical composition, of the wound healing oil remedy (WH oil), using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results of the DPPH and ABTS assays indicated that WH oil exhibited low antioxidant activity in both methods. The total phenolic content was 0.476 ± 0.323 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per gram of WH oil. GC-MS analysis identified nine chemical constituents, with borneol being the predominant compound at 44.426%. No anti-inflammatory activity of WH oil was observed via nitric oxide inhibition in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell cultures. However, the wound healing efficacy in human skin fibroblast cells was 0.63 times that of vitamin C, and the oil demonstrated cellular safety. These findings suggest that the wound healing oil remedy produced via the simmering oil process exhibits stimulatory effects on human skin fibroblast cells, which are important factors influencing
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