Morphological and Agricultural Characteristic Variability of T9 Pigeon Pea Native Lines

Abstract

The T9 pigeon pea native line gathered from Uttaradit province was utilized to estimate the variations of morphological and agricultural characteristics. The pigeon pea collections were planted and propagated at Lamtakong Research Station, Nakhon Ratchasima province for use as a genetic resource in a breeding program for high protein content to be an alternative protein in the food industry. A completely randomized design was performed by randomly collecting the morphology and agricultural characteristics (16 traits) of 98 accessions (3 replications) from 393 accessions of the T9 pigeon pea native line. The cluster analysis based on Euclidean distance was done by using UPGMA (Unweighted pair–group method with arithmetic average). Principal component analysis was conducted to determine the distribution pattern of the T9 pigeon pea native line. The results showed that the distance coefficient of pigeon pea accessions ranged from 1.00–25.00. The T9 pigeon pea native line could be identified into 2 distinct clusters. The first cluster consisted of 81 accessions which was divided into 2 sub-clusters, sub-cluster 1.1 consisted of 33 accessions and sub-cluster 1.2 consisted of 48 accessions. The second cluster consisted of 17 accessions which was divided into 2 sub-clusters, sub-cluster 2.1 consisted of 16 accessions and sub-cluster 2.2 consisted of 1 accession. Cluster 2 might be used as a germplasm resource for selection in pigeon pea breeding programs.