Influence of Biomass Ash from Power Plant in Combination with Fertilizers on Leucaena Production under Sandy Saline and Acidic Soil for Renewable Energy
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The study aimed to improve sandy saline and acidic soil around a biomass power plant by using the power plant ash combined with fertilizers to produce leucaena for renewable energy and reduce long-term biomass fuel deficiency. The experiment was done using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications. The treatments were 4 types of mixed fertilizers consisted of mixing of chemical fertilizers 18–46–0 and 0–0–60 with ratio 1 : 1 at the rate of 80 kg rai–1 (F1), mixing the same ratio of chemical fertilizers as F1 at the rate of 40 kg rai–1 combined with 1 t rai–1 of ash mixed with 500 kg rai–1 of farm manure (F2), mixing 2 t rai–1 of ash with 1 t rai–1 of farm manure (F3) and non-fertilizer application (F4). The results revealed that the F3 (328.08 cm) and F1 (276.38 cm) treatments statistically significantly promoted higher plant height than F4 treatment (188.39 cm) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the leucaena under F3 treatment produced the highest total dry matter yield at 1,985.53 kg rai–1 when compared with the rest treatments (P < 0.05). For the chemical composition, the wood from all treatments had average nitrogen, sulfur, and chloride contents less than critical values of biomass fuel. They also had the average ash content at 2.15 g 100g–1 dry weight and average heat value at 18.20 MJ kg–1 which passed the standard of biomass fuel. It could be concluded that the powerplant ash can be used to improve the sandy saline and acidic soil by mixed with farm manure at the rate of 2 t rai–1 of the ash and 1 t rai–1 of farm manure.
Article Details
References
Basu, M., M. Pande, P.B.S. Bhadoria and S.C. Mahapatra. 2009. Potential fly-ash utilization in agriculture: a global review. Prog. Nat. Sci. 19: 1173–1186.
Bernoux, M., B. Volkoff, M.C.S. Carvalho and C.C. Cerri. 2003. CO2 emissions from liming of agricultural soils in Brazil. Global Biogeochem. Cy. 17(2): 1049.
Bray, R.H. and L. Kurtz. 1945. Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Sci. 59(1): 39–45.
Chotchutima, S., K. Kangvansaichol, S. Tudsri and P. Sripichitt. 2013. Effect of spacing on growth, biomass yield and quality of leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit.) for renewable energy in Thailand. J. Sustain. Bioenergy Syst. 3: 48–56.
Choudhary, O.P., A.S. Josan, M.S. Bajwa and M.L. Kapur. 2004. Effect of sustained sodic and saline-sodic irrigation and application of gypsum and farmyard manure on yield and quality of sugarcane under semi-arid conditions. Field Crops Res. 87(2–3): 103–116.
Khanna, P.K., R.J. Raison and R.A. Falkiner. 1994. Chemical properties of ash derived from Eucalyptus litter and its effects on forest soils. For. Ecol. Manag. 66: 107–125.
Lewandowski, I. and A. Kicherer. 1997. Combustion quality of biomass: practical relevance and experiments to modify the biomass quality of Miscanthus x giganteus. Eur. J. Agron. 6: 163–177.
Lopez, F., M.M. Garcia, R. Yanez, R. Tapias, M. Fernandez and M. Diaz. 2008. Leucaena species valoration for biomass and paper production in 1 and 2 year harvest. Bioresour. Technol. 99(11): 4846–4853.
Matsi, T. and V.Z. Keramidas. 1999. Fly ash application on two acid soils and its effect on soil salinity, pH, B, P and on ryegrass growth and composition. Environ. Pollut. 104(1): 107–112.
Melero, S., E. Madejon, J.C. Ruiz and J.F. Herencia. 2007. Chemical and biochemical properties of a clay soil under dryland agriculture system as affected by organic fertilization. Eur. J. Agron. 26(3): 327–334.
Ministry of Energy. 2011. Biomass Energy. Energy Policy and Planning Office, Ministry of Energy, Bangkok, Thailand. 90 pp. (in Thai)
Mitchell, J.P., C. Shennan, M.J. Singer, D.W. Peters, R.O. Miller, T. Prichard, S.R. Grattan, J.D. Rhoades, D.M. May and D.S. Munk. 2000. Impacts of gypsum and winter cover crops on soil physical properties and crop productivity when irrigated with saline water. Agric. Water Manag. 45(1): 55–71.
Montes, C.S., D.A. da Silva, R.A. Garcia, G.I.B. de Muniz and J.C. Weber. 2011. Calorific value of Prosopis africana and Balanites aegyptiaca wood: relationships with tree growth, wood density and rainfall gradients in the West African Sahel. Biomass Bioenerg. 35: 346–353.
Montes-Hernandez, G., R. Perez-Lopez, F. Renard, J.M. Nieto and L. Charlet. 2009. Mineral sequestration of CO2 by aqueous carbonation of coal combustion fly-ash. J. Hazard. Mater. 161(2–3): 1347–1354.
Nielsen, H.P., F.J. Frandsen, K. Dam-Johansen and L.L. Baxter. 2000. The implications of chlorine associated corrosion on the operation of biomass-fired boilers. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 26(3): 283–298.
Pratt, P.E. 1965. Potassium, pp. 1023–1031. In C.A. Black, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part II. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy No. 9. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Raychev, T., S. Popandova, G. Jozefaciuk, M. Hajnos and Z. Sokolowska. 2001. Physicochemical reclamation of saline soils using coal powder. Int. Agrophysics. 15(1): 51–54.
Shahid, S.A. and K. Rahman. 2010. Soil salinity development, classification, assessment, and management in irrigated agriculture, pp. 23–39. In M. Pessarakli, ed. Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress. 3rd edition. CRC Press, FL, USA.
Tudsri, S. 2004. Tropical Forage Crop. Kasetsart University Press, Bangkok, Thailand. 534 pp. (in Thai)
Tudsri, S., K. Kangwansaichol and S. Butnak. 2017. Leucaena: Sustainable Renewable Energy Crop. PS. Print Printing House, Nonthaburi, Thailand. 107 pp. (in Thai)
Tudsri, S., P. Sripichitt, N. Tunmookhaya and S. Boonprong. 2012. Leucaena Management on Low and High Fertile Soil for Energy Application. The 4th Progress Report. PTT Research and Technology Institute, PTT Public Company Limited, Bangkok, Thailand. 62 pp. (in Thai)
Tudsri, S., P. Sripichitt, N. Wongsuwan and K. Nakmanee. 2009. Leucaena Biomass Production for Sustainable Renewable Energy. National Research Council of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand. 139 pp. (in Thai)
Tudsri, S., Y. Ishii and H. Numaguchi. 2002. Yield and quality tree grass species intercropped with Leucaena leucocephala. J. ISSAAS. 7: 83–90.
Umanu, G. and M.F. Babade. 2013. Biological degradation of kerosene in soil amended with poultry droppings. Int. J. Adv. Biol. Res. 3(2): 254–259.
United States Department of Agriculture. 1998. Soil quality indicators: pH. Available Source: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052208.pdf, June 29, 2021.
Van Paasen, S.V.B, M.K. Cieplik and N.P. Phokawat. 2006. Gasification of Non-woody Biomass. Economic and Technical Perspectives of Chlorine and Sulphur Removal from Product Gas (Non-confidential Version). Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands, Petten, Netherland. 54 pp.
Vityakon, P. 2007. Degradation and restoration of sandy soils under different agricultural land uses in northeast Thailand: a review. Land Degrad. Dev. 18(5): 567–577.
Whalen, J.K., C. Chang, G.W. Clayton and J.P. Carefoot. 2000. Cattle manure amendments can increase the pH of acid soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 64(3): 962–966.
Yuwaniyom, A. 2003. Management of Saline Soil. Land Development Department, Bangkok, Thailand. 83 pp. (in Thai)
