Combining Ability Test for Selection of Maize Germplasm from Commercial Maize Hybrids
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Using commercial maize hybrids as germplasm is a potential approach for developing inbred lines capable of producing high-yielding hybrids with desirable agronomic traits. The objective of this study was to classify the heterotic groups of commercial maize hybrids using combining abilities.
Methodology: Ten commercial hybrids were crossed in a diallel mating design to create 45 crosses. These 45 crosses, along with 11 commercial hybrids, comprising a total of 56 entries, were cultivated for yield trials. The trials were conducted using a 7 x 8 Rectangular Lattice design with four replications during both the early and late rainy seasons of 2018 at three different locations.
Main Results: Three hybrids exhibited positive and highly significant GCA (P4554, CP801, and KSX5402). Six hybrids (P4546 × PAC559, S6248 × PAC339, P4554 × S6248, P4554 × CP801, P4546 × KSX5402, and CP801 × PAC559) displayed positive SCA with significant differences and high yields. The dendrogram generated using UPGMA classified the 10 commercial hybrids into three groups based on grain yield.
Conclusions: The heterotic grouping based on SCA and high yield was consistent with the dendrogram created using UPGMA. This heterotic grouping of commercial maize hybrids proves valuable for the development of inbred lines and hybrids with high yields and favorable agronomic traits.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Briggs, F.N. and P.F. Knowles. 1970. Introduction to Plant Breeding. University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Gardner, C.O. and A.S. Eberhart. 1966. Analysis and interpretation of the variety cross diallel and related population. Biometrics. 22(3): 439–452.
Griffing, B. 1956. Concept of general and specific combining ability in relation to diallel crossing systems. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 9: 463–493. https://doi.org/10.1071/BI9560463.
Hallauer, A.R. and J.B. Miranda. 1981. Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding. Iowa State University Press, Iowa, USA. 468 pp.
Jompuk, C., K. Samphantharak and S. Chowchong. 2000. Genetic diversity of corn hybrids from different sources in Thailand as verified by their heterotic pattern and inbreeding depression. Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 34: 205–209.
Kumpai, S., S. Jenweerawat, P. Kittipadakul, C. Jompuk and T. Prasartsrisupab. 2022. Heterotic grouping of lines derived from commercial field corn hybrids using grain yield together, pp. 85–93. In Proc the 60th Kasetsart University Annual Conference, February 21–23, 2022. (in Thai)
Mikel, M.A. and J.W. Dudley. 2006. Evolution of North American dent corn from public to proprietary germplasm. Crop Sci. 46(3): 1193–1205. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2005.10-0371.
Oupadissakoon, S. 1994. Statistics of Experimental Planning. Volume 2. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. 439 pp. (in Thai)
Phumichai, C., W. Doungchan, P. Puddhanon, S. Jampatong, P. Grudloyma, C. Kirdsri, J. Chunwongse and T. Pulam. 2008. SSR-based and grain yield-based diversity of hybrid maize in Thailand. Field Crops Res. 108(2): 157–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.04.009.
Pulam, T. 1997. Sweet Corn, Breeding and Commercial Cultivation. OS Printing House, Bangkok, Thailand. (in Thai)
R Core Team. 2020. R: A Language and Environmentfor Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Suwanatape, T., S. Jampatong and C. Jompuk. 2020. Genetic diversity of commercial field corn hybrids in Thailand as verified by SSR Markers and their inbreeding depression. Curr. Appl. Sci. Technol. 20(3): 429–439. https://doi.org/10.14456/cast.2020.28.
Vasal, S.K. 1994. High quality protein corn, pp. 79–121. In A.R. Hallauer, ed. Specialty Corns. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
