Supplemental Protein Hydrolysate from Shrimp Shell Meal and Fish Bone Meal Digested by Bromelain and Papain Enzymes in Diet on Growth Performance of Hybrid Catfish (Clarias macrocephalus × Clarias garepinus)
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: There are many residues from households or restaurants such as shrimp shells and fish bones that are interested in using as alternative raw materials in aquatic animal feed. This study aims to investigate the effect of supplemental protein hydrolysate from shrimp shell meal and bone meal digested by bromelain and papain enzyme in hybrid catfish diet.
Methodology: The study was designed in 2 x 2 factorial in completely randomized design with three replicates each. Factor A was animal feed ingredients (Shrimp shell meal and fish bone meal) and factor B was extracted enzymes (Bromelain and papain). The hybrid catfish were fed 5% of body weight twice a day with experimental feed. Every 2 weeks, fish was sampling to weight for adjust feed intake and growth data were recorded for a period of 2 months.
Main Results: At the conclusion of the experiment, it was observed that raw materials and enzymes mutually influenced the quality of the resulting protein hydrolysate. Bromelain enzyme effectively digested fish bone meal, resulting in a high-quality protein hydrolysate. When incorporated into the diet, it significantly improved growth compared to all groups of hybrid catfish. Furthermore, it outperformed the group receiving protein hydrolysate supplemented with shrimp shell meal digested by bromelain enzyme. The final weight averaged 16.50 ± 1.41 g/fish, weight gain was 9.31 ± 1.47 g/fish, and daily weight gain was 0.17 ± 0.03 g/fish/day (P < 0.05). In terms of feed cost, it was found that the protein hydrolysate supplemented diet using fish bone meal with bromelain enzyme was more cost-effective than commercial feed.
Conclusions: The use of protein hydrolysate from bone meal digested by bromelain enzyme supplemented in hybrid catfish diets improves the growth of fish and, as alternative raw materials, helps reduce the cost of aquaculture feed production.
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