Species and Percentage Parasitism of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lep.: Noctuidae) in Corn Fields and Longevity of Chelonus insularis (Hym.: Braconidae)
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is known for causing extensive damage to corn crops and rapidly spreading in Thailand. One potential method of control is through natural enemy insects. The objectives of this research were to study the species and percentage of parasitism by FAW parasitoids and to determine the longevity of Chelonus insularis Cresson adults.
Methodology: Larvae in the first through sixth instars and egg masses of FAW were randomly collected from corn fields in five provinces and subsequently reared in the laboratory. C. insularis adults were reared using three types of food (50% honey solution, water, and no diet). The experimental design followed a completely randomized design (CRD).
Main Results: The results revealed three species of parasitoids that attacked the larval and egg stages of FAW in corn fields, as follows: C. insularis, Charops bicolor (Szepligeti), Cotesia sp., and one species of tachinid fly. The percentage parasitism of C. insularis in FAW larvae collected from the fields was the highest, ranging from 6.25% to 66.15% of all parasitoids. When collecting FAW eggs in the fields, the number of eggs per mass ranged from 61.52 to 304.38 eggs/mass The hatching rate of FAW eggs ranged from 20.54% to 63.66%, and 10.06% to 40.09% of the FAW larvae developed into adults. The percentage parasitism of C. insularis ranged from 3.94% to 22.67%. Different diets had a significant effect on the longevity of C. insularis (P < 0.05). The honey solution provided the longest longevity, with males living for 16.21 ± 3.28 days and females for 19.86 ± 3.11 days.
Conclusions: C. insularis is a potential parasitoid for mass-rearing exploration and for controlling FAW in the fields.
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