Ka-meng
Main Article Content
Abstract
Ka-meng (Eclipta spp.) is a valuable plant which has long been used in local traditional medicine in many tropical and subtropical countries like India, China, Brazil and Thailand. Up to now, extensive studies have reported a diversity of pharmacological activities of this plant, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, renoprotective, anticancer, neuroprotective, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, radioprotective, and hair growth-promoting effects. Thus this article provides a comprehensive review of evidence-based information regarding phytochemical components, pharmacological effects of extracts and chemical constituents, toxicity, and clinical studies of Ka-meng.
Article Details
Upon acceptance of an article, the Pharmacological and Therapeutic Society of Thailand will have exclusive right to publish and distribute the article in all forms and media and grant rights to others. Authors have rights to use and share their own published articles.
References
Radanachaless T, Maxwell JM. List of weeds reported in Thailand. Thai studies in biodiversity. Work places Bangkok.1997:286.
Unemoto S, Koyama H. A new species of Eclipta (Compositae:Heliantheae) and its allies in Eastern Asia. Thai Forest Bull, Bot. 2007;35:108-18.
Nivedita, Vijay P. Physiochemical and phytochemical analysis of Eclipta alba. Int J Pharm Bio Sci. 2013;4(3):882-9.
Dalal S, Kataria SK, Sastry KV, Rana SVS. Phytochemical screening of methanolic extract and antibacterial activity of active principles of hepato-protective herb, Eclipta alba. Ethnobot Leaflets. 2010;14:248-58.
Hussain I, Khan N, Ullah R, Shanzeb, Ahmed S, Khan FA, Yaz S. Phyto-chemical, physiochemical and anti-fungal activity of Eclipta alba. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol. 2011;5(19):2150-5.
Gani AMS, Devi DN. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Eclipta prostrata (L.)L. Int J of Phyto Pharm. 2015;5(2):21-4.
Wagner H, Geyer B, Kiso Y, Hikino H, Rao GS. Coumestans as the main active principles of the liver drugs Eclipta alba and Wedelia calendulacea. Planta Med. 1986;52(5):370-4.
Mansoorali KP, Prakash T, Kotresha D, Prabhu K, Rama Rao N. Cerebro-protective effect of Eclipta alba against global model of cerebral ischemia induced oxidative stress in rats. Phytomedicine. 2012;19(12):1108-16.
Kim HY, Kim HM, Ryu B, Lee JS, Choi JH, Jang DS. Constituents of the aerial parts of Eclipta prostrata and their cytotoxicity on human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Arch Pharm Res. 2015;38(11):1963-9.
Liu QM, Zhao HY, Zhong XK, Jiang JG. Eclipta prostrata L. phytochemicals: Isolation, structure elucidation, and their antitumor activity. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012;50(11):4016-22.
Ryu S, Shin JS, Jung JY, Cho YW, Kim SJ, Jang DS, et al. Echinocystic acid isolated from Eclipta prostrata suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 expressions via NF-kappaB inactivation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Planta Med. 2013;79(12):1031-7.
Han L, Liu E, Kojo A, Zhao J, Li W, Zhang Y, et al. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Eclipta prostrata L. by LC/MS. Scientific DWorld J. 2015;2015:1-15.
Upadhyay RK, Pandey MB, Jha RN, Pandey VB. Eclalbatin, a triterpene saponin from Eclipta alba. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2001;3(3):213-7.
Tewtrakul S, Subhadhirasakul S, Cheenpracha S, Karalai C. HIV-1 protease and HIV-1 integrase inhibitory substances from Eclipta prostrata. Phytother Res. 2007;21(11):1092-5.
Abdel-Kader MS, Bahler BD, Malone S, Werkhoven MC, van Troon F, David, et al. DNA-damaging steroidal alkaloids from Eclipta alba from the suriname rainforest. J Nat Prod. 1998 ;61(10):1202-8.
Tabata A, Taniguchi M, Shibano M. Ecliptamines A–D, four new guanidine alkaloids from Eclipta prostrata L. Phytochem Lett. 2015;11:224-8.
Manvar D, Mishra M, Kumar S, Pandey VN. Identification and evaluation of anti hepatitis C virus phytochemicals from Eclipta alba. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012;144(3):545-54.
Roy RK, Thakur M, Dixit VK. Hair growth promoting activity of Eclipta alba in male albino rats. Arch Dermatol Res. 2008;300(7):357-64.
Zhang M, Chen Y. [Chemical constituents of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1996;21(8):480-1, 510.
Uddin N, Rahman A, Ahmed ND, Rana S, Akter R, Chowdhury AM MA. Antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties of Eclipta alba ethanol extract. Int J Biol Med Res. 2010;1(4):341-6.
Bakht J, Islam A, Shafi M. Antimicrobial potentials of Eclipta alba by well diffusion method. Pak J Bot. 2011;43:169-74.
Nagabhushan, Raveesha KA, Shrisha DL. Antidermatophytic activity of Eclipta prostrata L. against human infective Trichophyton and Microsporum spp. Int J Chem Anal Sci. 2013;4(2): 136-8.
Yuan F, Chen J, Sun P-p, Guan S, Xu J. Wedelolactone inhibits LPS-induced pro-inflammation via NF-kappaB Pathway in RAW 264.7 cells. J Biomed Sci. 2013;20(1):1-11.
Tewtrakul S, Subhadhirasakul S, Tansakul P, Cheenpracha S, Karalai C. Antiinflammatory constituents from Eclipta prostrata using RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Phytother Res. 2011;25(9):1313-6.
Sawant M, Isaac JC, Narayanan S. Analgesic studies on total alkaloids and alcohol extracts of Eclipta alba (Linn.) Hassk. Phytother Res. 2004; 18(2): 111-3.
Dhandapani R. Hypolipidemic activity of Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. leaf extract in atherogenic diet induced hyperlipidemic rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 2007; 45(7):617-9.
Kim DI, Lee SH, Choi JH, Lillehoj HS, Yu MH, Lee GS. The butanol fraction of Eclipta prostrata (Linn) effectively reduces serum lipid levels and improves antioxidant activities in CD rats. Nutr Res. 2008;28(8):550-4.
Zhao Y, Peng L, Lu W, Wang Y, Huang X, Gong C, et al. Effect of Eclipta prostrata on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic animals. Exp Gerontol. 2015; 62:37-44.
Prabu K, Kanchana N, Mohamed Sadiq A. Hepatoprotective effect of Eclipta alba on paracetamol induced liver toxicity in rats. J Microbiol Biotech Res. 2011;1(3):75-9.
Thirumalai T, David E, Therasa SV, Elumalai EK. Restorative effect of Eclipta alba in CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2011;1(4):304-7.
Lu Y, Hu D, Ma S, Zhao X, Wang S, Wei G, et al. Protective effect of wedelolactone against CCl4-induced acute liver injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2016 ;34:44-52.
Xia Y, Chen J, Cao Y, Xu C, Li R, Pan Y, et al. Wedelolactone exhibits anti-fibrotic effects on human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013 15;714(1-3):105-11.
Dungca NT. Protective effect of the methanolic leaf extract of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. (Asteraceae) against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 ;184:18-21.
Lirdprapamongkol K, Kramb JP, Chokchaichamnankit D, Srisomsap C, Surarit R, Sila-Asna M, et al. Juice of Eclipta prostrata inhibits cell migration in vitro and exhibits anti-angiogenic activity in vivo. In Vivo. 2008;22(3):363-8.
Chaudhary H, Dhuna V, Singh J, Kamboj SS, Seshadri S. Evaluation of hydro alcoholic extract of Eclipta alba for its anticancer potential: an in vitro study. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;136(2):363-7.
Lee JS, Ahn JH, Cho YJ, Kim HY, Yang YI, Lee KT, et al. α-Terthi-enylmethanol, isolated from Eclipta prostrata, induces apoptosis by generating reactive oxygen species via NADPH oxidase in human endometrial cancer cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;169:426-34.
Cho YJ, Woo JH, Lee JS, Jang DS, Lee KT, Choi JH. Eclalbasaponin II induces autophagic and apoptotic cell death in human ovarian cancer cells. J Pharmacol Sci. 2016; In Press, Corrected Proof: 1-9.
Chaudhary H, Jena PK, Seshadri S. In vivo evaluation of Eclipta alba extract as anticancer and multidrug resistance reversal agent. Nutr Cancer. 2014;66(5): 904-13.
Chaudhary H, Jena PK, Seshadri S. Evaluation of hydroalcoholic extract of Eclipta alba for its multidrug resistance reversal potential: an in vitro study. Nutr Cancer. 2013;65(5):775-80.
Shaikh MF, Sancheti J, Sathaye S. Effect of Eclipta alba on acute seizure models: a GABAA-mediated effect. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2013;75(3):380-4.
Bhaskar M, Chintamaneni M. Investigating the role of Eclipta alba on brain antioxidant markers, cognitive performance and acetylcholinesterase activity of rats. Int J Pharm Phytopharmacol Res. 2014;3(5):390-4.
Ananthi J, Prakasam A, Pugalendi KV. Antihyperglycemic activity of Eclipta alba leaf on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Yale J Biol Med. 2003;76(3):97-102.
Jaiswal N, Bhatia V, Srivastava SP, Srivastava AK, Tamrakar AK. Antidiabetic effect of Eclipta alba associated with the inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and aldose reductase. Nat Prod Res. 2012;26(24):2363-7.
Jena M, Jena J, Biswal SB, Pal A. Effect of Eclipta alba on urinary volume and electrolyte excretion in albino rats. Indo Am J Pharm Sci. 2013;3(10):8468-73.
Chan CF, Huang WY, Guo HY, Wang BR. Potent antioxidative and UVB protective effect of water extract of Eclipta prostrata L. Sci World J. 2014; 2014:8.
Pukumpuang W, Chansakaow S, Tragoolpua Y. Antioxidant activity, phenolic compound content and phytochemical constituents of Eclipta prostrata (Linn.) Linn. Chiang Mai J Sci. 2014;41(3): 568-76.
Datta K, Singh AT, Mukherjee A, Bhat B, Ramesh B, Burman AC. Eclipta alba extract with potential for hair growth promoting activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009;124(3):450-6.
Begum S, Lee MR, Gu LJ, Hossain J, Sung CK. Exogenous stimulation with Eclipta alba promotes hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation and downregulates TGF-beta1 expression in nude mice. Int J Mol Med. 2015;35(2):496-502.
Singh T, Sinha N, Singh A. Biochemical and histopathological effects on liver due to acute oral toxicity of aqueous leaf extract of Eclipta alba on female Swiss albino mice. Indian J Pharmacol. 2013;45(1):61-5.
Rangineni V, Sharada D, Saxena S. Diuretic, hypotensive, and hypocholester-olemic effects of Eclipta alba in mild hypertensive subjects: a pilot study. J Med Food. 2007;10(1):143-8.