Effects of Granular Fertilizer Use Patterns on Growth and Yield of Upland Rice Production

Abstract

The objective of this experiment is to investigate proper use of granular organic fertilizer in upland rice Hom Dong variety. The experiment was completely randomized designed (CRD) with five treatments, each with five 10-pot replications.This experimental was separated in 5 treatments including the first treatment (control), no nutrient was added. In the second and the third treatments, 46% urea fertilizer was added to the top soil surface and the soil subsurface, respectively. In the fourth and the fifth treatments, organic was used instead in the same respective manner. Rice survival rate and growth quantities, including height, number of shoots per tiller, and leaf greenness values (SPAD - unil) at 30 and 65 days were recorded. In addition, yield quantities i.e., number of days until 50% flowering, number of ears per tiller, number of days until 50% ripening, number of seeds per ear, healthy seed percentage, seed weight, and nutrients and bacterial content in soil were studied. The results showed that rice height, leaf greenness values, and the number of shoots per tiller at 30 days were similar among all treatments. On day 65, however, these quantities are higher (p<0.01) under subsurface organic fertilizer treatment and both chemical fertilizer treatments. The number of days until 50% flowering, number of ears per tiller, number of days until 50% ripening, number of seeds per ear, and healthy seed percentage also followed the similar trend. However, seed weight under the organic fertilizer treatment was less than that under the chemical fertilizer treatment. Soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen content, total phosphate content, total potash content, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio decreased as rice grew. Bacteria content under the control and the chemical fertilizer treatments was less than that under the organic fertilizer treatment (p<0.01).